大豆玉米带状复合种植高产栽培技术  

High-yield cultivation techniques for soybean and corn strip composite planting

作　　者：岑柱军 CEN Zhujun(Agricultural Service Center,Wantun Town,Xingyi City,Guizhou Province,Xingyi 562409,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省兴义市万屯镇农业服务中心,贵州兴义562409

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2024年第12期21-25,共5页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为推进大豆玉米带状复合种植技术应用,探索大豆玉米复合种植高产栽培技术,本文总结分析了大豆玉米生育期特点、种植前准备、播期管理、田间管理及采收等方面高产栽培技术要点。其中大豆玉米复合种植技术需配合适宜的大豆、玉米生育期。大豆、玉米品种应选择共生适应性强、耐密耐阴、抗倒伏、抗病虫害能力强和产量潜力高的优质品种,根据种植区实际情况采用2~4行玉米结合2~6行大豆的种植模式;加强大豆、玉米共生期田间管理,苗期以促进苗匀、苗壮和苗齐为原则进行肥水管理,大豆开花结荚期和玉米穗期注重追肥,保证籽粒生长所需营养,生长全过程采用物理、化学和生物等防治技术进行病虫草害防治;适期采收以减少籽粒产量损失、提高品种性能。研究结果为推广应用大豆和玉米带状复合种植技术提供参考,对实现粮油增产增收提质增效具有重要意义。In order to promote the application of soybean corn strip intercropping technology and explore highyield cultivation techniques for soybean corn intercropping,the characteristics of growth period of soybean and corn were summarized and analyzed,pre planting preparation,sowing period management,field management,and harvesting aspects of high-yield cultivation techniques.The composite planting technology of soybean and corn needs to be combined with suitable growth periods of soybean and corn.Soybean and corn varieties should choose high-quality varieties with strong symbiotic adaptability,density and shade tolerance,lodging resistance,strong disease and pest resistance,and high yield potential.According to the actual situation of the planting area,a planting model of 2-4 rows of corn combined 2-6 rows of soybean should be adopted.Paid attention to field management during the symbiotic period of soybeans and corn.During the seedling stage,fertilizer and water management should be carried out based on the principles of promoting uniform,strong,and even seedlings.During the flowering and podding stages of soybeans and the ear stage of corn,topdressing should be emphasized to ensure the necessary nutrients for grain growth.Physical,chemical,and biological control techniques should be used throughout the growth process to prevent diseases,pests,and weeds;harvest at an appropriate time to reduce grain yield loss and improve variety.This study results provided a reference for promoting the application of soybean corn strip composite planting technology,and was of great significance for achieving increased yield,income,quality and efficiency in grain and oil production.

关 键 词：大豆 玉米 间作 开花结荚期 肥水管理 高产栽培 

分 类 号：S31[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S344.2[农业科学—农艺学]