基层应急治理能力提升:类型、梗阻与策略——基于“主体—情境—技术”分析框架  

Improvement of Grassroots Emergency Governance Capacity:Types,Obstacles and Strategies——Based on the Analytical Framework of“Subject-Situation-Technology”

作　　者：温志强[1] 付美佳 Wen Zhiqiang;Fu Meijia

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学,天津300387

出　　处：《上海行政学院学报》2024年第3期28-38,共11页The Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“‘一网统管’下的社区敏捷—韧性治理研究:理论、机制与实现路径”(72174143);国家社会科学基金重大项目“国家重大突发事件信息公开质量研究”(20&ZD141);天津市教委社会科学重大项目“基于韧性理论的城市中小学校园安全风险评估指标体系研究”(2022JWZD25)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：基层应急治理能力体系是国家治理体系的重要组成部分,基层应急治理能力直接彰显了国家治理体系和治理能力现代化水平。主体、情境与技术是基层应急治理能力提升的关键要素,通过建构“主体—情境—技术”分析框架,将实践案例归结为主体协同型、情境主导型与技术主导型三种基层应急治理实践类型。在基层应急治理能力提升过程中,仍面临“科层—社会”存在张力与应急信任合作机制缺失,常态预防预警能力欠缺与非常态响应机制运转不畅,数据共享链条易被阻断与“技术决定论”思维固化等现实困境。为切实提升基层应急治理能力,需要打造“一核多元”协同应急格局,灵活调适“常态—非常态”应急治理重心,增强基层智慧应急治理实效。Grassroots emergency governance capacity system is an important part of the national governance system,and grassroots emergency governance capacity directly reflects the modernization level of the national governance system and governance capacity.Subjects,contexts and technologies are the key elements for the improvement of grassroots emergency governance capacity.By constructing the analytical framework of“subject-situation-technology”,the practice cases are categorized into three types of grassroots emergency governance practices:subject-associated,context-led and technology-led.In the process of improving grassroots emergency governance capacity,we are still facing the tensions of“hierarchy-society”and the lack of emergency trust and cooperation mechanism,the lack of normal prevention and early warning capacity and the poor functioning of non-normal response mechanism,the easy blockage of data sharing chain and the solidification of“technological determinism”thinking,and other realities.The real dilemma is that the data sharing chain is easily blocked and“technological determinism”thinking is solidified.In order to effectively enhance the capacity of grass-roots emergency governance,it is necessary to create a“one-core,multiple”collaborative emergency response pattern,flexibly adjust the“normal-unusual”focus of emergency governance,and enhance the effectiveness of grass-roots smart emergency governance.

关 键 词：基层应急治理 治理能力 协同应急 应急情境 智慧应急 

分 类 号：D669.3[政治法律—政治学]