基于轨距可调的蔬菜田间转运平台设计与试验  

Design and experiment of vegetable field transport platform with adjustable track gauge

作　　者：符志勇 刘大为[1,2] 谢方平 李旭[1,2] 杨靖 龚明[3] Fu Zhiyong;Liu Dawei;Xie Fangping;Li Xu;Yang Jin;Gong Ming(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan province key laboratory of intelligent agricultural machinery equipment,Changsha 410128,China;Key Laboratory of Southern Intelligent Seedling,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yiyang 413055,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]智能农机装备湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [3]农业农村部南方智能育秧(苗)重点实验室,湖南益阳413055

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期131-140,共10页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600300)。

摘　　要：[目的]针对我国南方丘陵山区蔬菜种植种类多、种植农艺多样、起垄规格不一等特点,为进一步提高南方丘陵地区蔬菜田间转运装备对种植模式与农艺的适应性,设计了一款轨距可调的蔬菜田间转运平台。[方法]根据蔬菜田间起垄种植及地形特点,进行平台的总体设计并阐述其工作原理,外形尺寸为2165 mm×1205 mm×1154 mm。分别开展变速箱、行走装置、传动系统、轨距可调装置及车架等关键部件的设计。利用SolidWorks软件进行三维建模,设置零件材料属性并计算质心位置。根据其质心位置分析平台稳定性,基于RecurDyn搭建虚拟仿真样机,对底盘进行纵向上、下坡及横坡行驶仿真分析。[结果]动力学仿真结果表明,平台在满载条件下,纵向行驶上坡最大爬坡角为39°,最大下坡角为27°,横向行驶时2种极限轨距下的最大坡度角分别为29°和39°。进行样机试制并进行稳定性试验,试验结果表明,平台纵向上、下坡最大坡度角分别为30°和25°,不同轨距下的最大坡度角分别为22°和33°,并进行样机性能及田间试验,试验结果表明,平台在满载条件下,行驶速度、转弯半径、滑转率及跑偏率均满足设计要求与实际使用效果。[结论]蔬菜田间转运平台对南方丘陵山区蔬菜转运作业有较强的适应性,通过调节轨距可适应不同蔬菜种植农艺,为履带式运输装备等提供参考。[Objective]Considering the characteristics of diverse vegetable types,varies agronomic practices,and irregular ridge specifications in the hilly areas of southern China,a vegetable field transfer equipment to the planting mode and agronomy in the southern hilly areas,a vegetable field transport platform with adjustable track gauge was designed to enhance the adaptability of the field transport equipment to planting patterns and agronomy in the hilly regions of southern China.[Methods]Based on the characteristics of ridge planting and terrain in vegetable fields,the overall design of the platform was carried out,and its work-ing principle was elucidated.The dimensions of the platform were 2165×1205×1154 mm.The design of key components such as the gearbox,traveling device,transmission system,adjustable track gauge device,and chassis were conducted.Solid-Works software was used for three-dimensional modeling,setting material properties for parts,and calculating the center of gravity position.Platform stability was analyzed based on the center of gravity position,and a virtual simulation prototype was built using RecurDyn for longitudinal uphill,downhill and transverse slope driving simulation analysis.[Results]The dynamic simulation results showed that under full load conditions,the maximum climbing angle for uphill driving was 39°,and the maxi-mum descending angle for downhill driving was 27°.For transverse driving,the maximum slope angle under two extreme track gauges were 29°and 39°,respectively.A prototype was manufactured and stability tests were conducted.The test results showed that the maximum longitudinal uphill and downhill slope angle were 30°and 25°,respectively,and the maximum slope angles under the different gauges were 22°and 33°,respectively.Performance and field test were carried out,and the results showed that the platform met the design requirements and achieved satisfactory performance in terms of driving speed,turning radius,slip rate,and deviation rate under full load conditions.[Conc

关 键 词：蔬菜 田间转运 变速箱 动力学仿真 

分 类 号：S229.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]