香榧青果脱蒲技术及装备的研究进展  

Development Status of Technology and Equipment of Chinese Torreya Green Nut Peeling

作　　者：李晓莹 何雨华 陈新星 LI Xiaoying;HE Yuhua;CHEN Xinxing(School of Intelligent Technology,Zhejiang Changzheng Vocational&Technical College,Hangzhou 310023,China;Hmei Machinery&Engineering Co.,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江长征职业技术学院智能技术学院,浙江杭州310023 [2]轻工业杭州机电设计研究院有限公司,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《轻工机械》2024年第3期1-5,共5页Light Industry Machinery

基　　金：浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划暨新苗人才计划(2022R446A005)。

摘　　要：在香榧产业快速发展的背景下,大批量香榧青果脱蒲既是瓶颈也是挑战,因此,探索智能化加工设备在香榧青果脱蒲工序中的应用具有重要价值。笔者通过对国内现有的香榧青果脱蒲技术和装备进行系统分析,综述了3类香榧青果脱蒲装备的应用特点:挤压剪切型脱蒲装置通过沿香榧青果轴向和径向施加挤压及剪切力的方式将假种皮剥离,去皮率高但果仁破损率较高;刮削型脱蒲装置通过刀片或条状刮刀将假种皮刮除,结构简单但去皮效率低;生物法复合型脱蒲装置为预切削和搅拌酶解复合处理方式,脱皮率高且产品外观无损伤,但工艺流程较繁琐,酶解效率需进一步提升。鉴于现有香榧青果脱蒲装备对青果尺寸差异化的兼容性较差,提高脱蒲装备的柔性并降低果仁破损率是今后研究的方向。Under the background of high development of Chinese torreya industry,large quantities of Chinese torreya green nut peeling is both a bottleneck and a challenge,so it is of great value to explore the application of intelligent processing equipment in Chinese torreya green nut peeling process.Based on the systematic analysis of the domestic research status of Chinese Torreya green nut peeling technology and equipment,the application characteristics of three types of equipment of Chinese torreya green nut peeling was summarized.The extrusion-shearing type peeling equipment peeled the aril by applying extrusion and shearing force along the axial and radial directions of Chinese torreya green nut,the peeling rate was high but the breakage rate of nut was high;the scraping type peeling equipment scraped the aril by blade or strip scraper,the structure was simple but the peeling efficiency was low;the biological composite hulling equipment was a composite treatment method of pre-cutting and stirring enzymatic hydrolysis,the peeling rate was high and the appearance of nut was not damaged,but the process flow was complicated,and the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency needed to be further improved.In view of the poor compatibility of the existing Chinese torreya green nut peeling equipment with the different geometric dimensions of Torreya green nut,improving the flexibility of the peeling equipment and reducing breakage rate of nut are the future research directions.

关 键 词：香榧 青果 脱蒲 去皮率 果仁破损率 

分 类 号：TS255.35[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] TH12[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]