增效氮肥对玉米生长发育及产量的影响  

Studies on the Effect of Synergistic Nitrogen Fertilizers Application on Maize in Black Soil

作　　者：石淏心 石晓雨 张平 李晓宇 张晓岩 崔帅 高强[2] 李杰[1] SHI Haoxin;SHI Xiaoyu;ZHANG Ping;LI Xiaoyu;ZHANG Xiaoyan;CUI Shuai;GAO Qiang;LI Jie(Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016;College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2024年第2期6-10,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500105、2022YFD170060106);辽宁省优秀青年科学计划项目(2022-YQ-05);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划项目(RC220330)。

摘　　要：为了调控肥料养分在土壤中的转化、减少养分损失,本研究在吉林省梨树县进行了两年的玉米田间定位试验,系统研究了添加腐殖酸、海藻酸、氨基酸和调理剂的增效氮肥的施用效果,从中筛选出最优的施用类型,以期为玉米生产的减肥增效提供可行途径。综合两年定位试验结果显示,增效氮肥显著提高了玉米产量和肥料利用率。与追施尿素相比,追施增效氮肥Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型处理玉米产量分别增加了7.17%、5.43%、5.52%和3.41%;氮肥利用率分别提高了12.72%、2.68%、2.71%和5.42%,农学效率提高了5.24、4.29、4.41、1.82 kg/kg。其中追施增效氮肥Ⅰ型的玉米增产率、氮肥利用率和农学效率提高幅度最大,效果最佳,是最适合该地区玉米施用的氮肥类型。In order to regulate the conversion of fertilizer nutrients in the soil and reduce nutrient losses,this study conducted a two-year corn field location trial in Lishu County,Jilin Province,to systematically study the application effects of efficiency N fertilizers with humic acid,alginate,amino acids and conditioners,and to screen out the optimal application formulations,with a view to providing a feasible way to reduce weight and increase efficiency in corn production.The results of the comprehensive two-year positioning test showed that the efficiency nitrogen fertilizer significantly improved the corn yield and fertilizer utilization.Compared with common urea treatment,maize yield increased by 7.17%,5.43%,5.52% and 3.41% with N fertilizer synergist Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ and Ⅳ,respectively.N fertilizer utilization increased by 12.72%,2.68%,2.71% and 5.42%,respectively,and agronomical efficiency increased by5.24,4.29,4.41,1.82 kg/kg,respectively.The maize yield increase,nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate and agronomic efficiency increased the most and had the best effect with the retroactive application of efficiency-enhancing nitrogen fertilizer type I,which is the most suitable type of nitrogen fertilizer for maize cultivation in this region.

关 键 词：增效氮肥 肥料增效剂 玉米 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]