两种耕作方式下不同施肥处理对水稻麦长管蚜发生及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Occurrence and Yield of Sitobion avenae(Fabricius) under Two Tillage Methods

作　　者：邢亚楠[1] 郭莉 马晓慧[1] 李振宇[1] XING Ya'nan;GUO Li;MA Xiaohui;LI Zhenyu(Liaoning Provincial Saline-Alkali Land Utilization And Research Institute,Panjin 124000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所,辽宁盘锦124000

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2024年第2期36-40,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金计划项目(2022-MS-063);辽宁省农科院学科建设计划项目(2022DD185931);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2022JH21101300161)。

摘　　要：为探明两种耕作方式下,不同施肥处理对水稻麦长管蚜种群动态和水稻产量的影响,通过设置不施肥+常规耕作处理(CK)、全化肥+常规耕作处理(CF)、有机肥+化肥+常规耕作处理(OF)、有机肥+化肥+秸秆还田处理(SR),于2021年、2022年对辽宁盘锦稻区水稻麦长管蚜发生动态情况进行调查,并测定水稻产量。两年试验结果表明,CK处理水稻麦长管蚜百穴累计蚜虫量最低,分别为4 095、3 571头,OF处理百穴累计蚜虫量分别为5 575、10 575头,OF处理较CF、SR处理的百穴累计蚜虫量显著降低;同时OF处理水稻产量分别为945.85、806.72 kg/667 m~2,相比于CK处理水稻产量显著提高,且OF处理的水稻产量较CF、SR处理差异不显著。综合评估水稻产量和麦长管蚜的危害程度可知,有机肥+化肥+常规耕作处理(OF)既能够确保水稻稳产,也能减轻水稻麦长管蚜的危害。In order to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer and fertilizer ratio application on the population dynamics and rice yield of rice Sitobion avenae(Fabricius)under two tillage methods.Four treatments were set:no fertilization + conventional tillage treatment(CK),full fertilizer + conventional tillage treatment(CF),organic fertilizer + chemical fertilizer + conventional tillage treatment(OF),organic fertilizer + chemical fertilizer + straw returning treatment(SR).In 2021 and 2022,the dynamics of Sitobion avenae(Fabricius)occurrence in Panjin rice area of Liaoning Province were investigated and the rice yield was measured.The results showed that the cumulative aphid population of CK treatment was the lowest 4 095 and 3 571,respectively,and that OF treatment was 5 575 and 10 575,respectively.The cumulative aphid population of OF treatment was significantly lower than that of CF and SR treatment.At the same time,the rice yields of OF treatment were 945.85 kg/667 m~2 and 806.72 kg/667 m~2,respectively.There was no significant difference in rice yield of OF treatment compared with CF and SR treatment.Comprehensive evaluation of rice yield and damage degree of Sitobion avenae(Fabricius)showed that organic fertilizer + chemical fertilizer + conventional tillage treatment(OF)treatment could not only ensure stable rice yield,but also reduce the damage of rice aphid.

关 键 词：有机肥 秸秆还田 麦长管蚜 产量 

分 类 号：S435.112[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]