平贝母腐烂病致病菌习性及防治药剂筛选研究  

Study on the Pathogen Habits of Fritillaria ussuriensis Bulb Rot and the Screening of Control Fungicides

作　　者：韩丹 王琪 任霞 田义新 HAN Dan;WANG Qi;REN Xia;TIAN Yixin(College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118;Agricultural Science&Technology Extension Station of Changbai Korean Autonomous County,Baishan 134400,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,长春130118 [2]长白朝鲜族自治县农业科学技术推广总站,吉林白山134400

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2024年第2期48-54,共7页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重点研发项目(20200404014YY)。

摘　　要：对平贝母鳞茎腐烂病分离频率较高的3种病原菌—层出镰孢(Fusarium proliferatum)P2、尖孢镰孢(Fusarium oxysporum)B1和锐顶镰孢(Fusarium acuminatum)Y1菌株进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定;通过不同生理、生化条件进行生物学特性研究,通过生长速率法对8种常用药剂进行室内抑菌效果测定。结果显示,3种病原菌在15~30℃均可生长,最适生长温度在20~25℃,并确定了3种菌的最适生长pH,最适碳、氮源。在选用的8种农药室内筛选中,发现唑醚·氟酰胺对菌株P2的毒力最强,EC_(50)为6.231 0 mg/L;氟啶胺对菌株B1的抑制效果最好,EC_(50)为0.001 2 mg/L;对菌株Y2的抑制效果最好的药剂为唑醚·氟酰胺,其EC_(50)为0.100 9 mg/L。因此,确定平贝母腐烂病致病菌有3种,抑制效果最好的为唑醚·氟酰胺。The morphological and molecular biological identification of three pathogenic fungi isolated frequently from bulb rot of Fritillaria ussuriensis,which identified as Fusarium proliferatum strain P2,Fusarium oxysporum strain B1,and Fusarium acutatum strain Y1,was conducted.Biological characteristics were studied by different physiological and biochemical conditions.The indoor antibacterial effect of 8 kinds of common fungicides was determined by growth rate method.The results showed that all three pathogenic fungi could grow at 15 to 30℃,and the most suitable growth temperature was 20 to 25 ℃.The optimal growth pH,carbon and nitrogen sources of the three fungi were determined.Among the eight selected fungicides selected for indoor screening,it was found that the toxicity of pyraclostrobin·fluxapyroxad to strain P2 was the strongest,with an EC_(50)6.231 0 mg/L.The inhibitory effect of fluazinam on strain B1 was the best,with an EC_(50)0.001 2 mg/L.The agent with the best inhibitory effect on strain Y2 was pyraclostrobin·fluxapyroxad,with an EC_(50)0.100 9 mg/L.Therefore,it is determined that there are three pathogenic fungi responsible for the rot disease of Fritillaria ussuriensis,and the best inhibitory effect is pyraclostrobin·fluxapyroxad,which can be mixed with fluazinam.

关 键 词：平贝母 鳞茎腐烂病 病原菌鉴定 生物学特性 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]