基于机器学习的历史文化街区游客感知多维度评价研究——以西安市北院门历史文化街区为例  

Multi-dimensional evaluation of tourist perception in historic conversation area via machine learning:Taking Beiyuanmen historic conversation area of Xi’an as an example

作　　者：许熙巍[1] 高思琪 刘树鹏 闫凤英[1] XU Xiwei;GAO Siqi;LIU Shupeng;YAN Fengying

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2024年第3期109-115,共7页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52338002);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(23YJA760101);天津市规划和自然资源局科技项目(KJ202326);天津市研究生科研创新项目(2022BKY061)。

摘　　要：旅游开发是历史文化街区活化利用的重要途径。游客的认知兴趣能够如实反映历史文化街区的价值传递与文化传承效果,引导具有文化价值的旅游资源发展方向。为优化文化场所营造、提高文化服务水平,游客感知逐渐成为判断历史文化街区保护利用工作实际进展效果的重要依据。本文选取西安市北院门历史文化街区为研究对象,运用机器学习中的LDA主题模型,从更关注历史内涵与文化价值传递的视角,探讨历史文化街区游客感知的多维度评价方法。研究发现:北院门历史文化街区的游客感知总体呈现高度不均衡的特征,“民族特色美食街”的感知形象占据主导地位;游客感知维度按旅游吸引力强度依次为消费体验、地方美食、景观建筑、环境氛围、生活记忆和非遗文化,消费体验与地方美食维度高度绑定,且对其他维度的带动作用极为有限;不同游客感知维度评价差异显著,消费体验和景观建筑维度关注度较高、满意度相对较低,历史文化传递效果欠佳,非遗文化和生活记忆维度满意度较高、关注度相对较低,保护挖潜力度不足。研究结果能有效反映北院门街区对游客的历史文化传递效果,对历史文化街区实现文化传承与旅游资源利用的双重目标具有重要意义。Tourism is an important way to revitalize Historic Conversation Areas.The cognitive interests of tourists can accurately reflect the value transmission and cultural inheritance effects of Historic Conversation Areas,guiding towards a tendency for culturally valuable tourism development.In order to optimize the creation of cultural venues and improve the level of cultural services,tourists’perceptions have gradually become an important basis for judging the actual progress of the protection and utilization of historical and cultural streets.Taking the Beiyuanmen Historic Conversation Area in Xi’an as an example,this study aims to construct a multi-dimensional evaluation method framework to comprehensively and thoroughly understand tourists’perceptual characteristics of Historic Conversation Areas.This study utilized Python to retrieve User-Generated Content(UGC)data from Dazhong Dianping,introduced the Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA)model from machine learning,and used the ROST CM sentiment analysis tool to quantitatively analyze tourist perceptions of the Beiyuanmen Historic Conversation Area.It measured the overall features and sub-dimensions of tourists’perceptions of Historic Conversation Areas,discussing tourists’attention and satisfaction levels across different dimensions.Research findings indicate as follows:1)The overall perception of tourists towards the Historic Conversation Area of Beiyuanmen is in an extremely unbalanced state,with local image perception far exceeding the overall image perception.The perception image of Beiyuanmen streets and adjacent streets as ethnic characteristic food streets occupies an absolute central position in tourists’perceptions.2)The tourist perception dimensions of Historic Conversation Areas can be divided into six aspects:consumption experience,local cuisine,landscape architecture,environmental atmosphere,life memories,and intangible cultural heritage.The attractiveness of tourism shows a decreasing differentiation feature,with consumption experience and l

关 键 词：游客感知 机器学习 评价 历史文化街区 北院门 

分 类 号：TU984.114[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]