孟荀合论——先秦儒学新解  

The Combination of Mencius and Xunzi:A New Understanding of Pre-qin Confucianism

作　　者：宋志明[1] SONG Zhiming

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院,北京100872

出　　处：《孔子研究》2024年第3期43-49,157,158,共9页Confucius Studies

摘　　要：孟子和荀子之间的第一点共识:都以孔子的学说为出发点。出于对人合群体性的关切,孟子展开了理想主义的仁学;荀子展开了现实主义的礼学。第二点共识:都以圣人为价值终极目标。孟子立足于性善论,主张超凡入圣;荀子立足于人性有善有恶论,主张“化性起伪”。第三点共识:都期盼一统天下,建成民族共同体。孟子重视仁的感召力,荀子重视礼的组织力。在孔子那里,儒学还只是想法;到孟子那里,想法变成了说法;到荀子这里,说法终于变成了做法,为中国古代社会治理奠立了理论基础。The first point of consensus between Mencius and Xunzi is both taking the teachings of Confucius as their starting point.Because of his concern for human unity,Mencius developed his idealism of benevolence.Xunzi developed the realistic rite study.The second point of consensus is:all take saints as the ultimate goal of value.Based on the theory of good nature,Mencius advocated transcendence and sanctity.Based on the theory that there are good and evil in human nature,Xunzi advocated“transforming nature into falsehood”.The third point of consensus is:we all hope to unify the country and build a national community.Mencius attached great importance to the appeal of benevolence,and Xunzi attached great importance to the organization of rites.With Confucius,Confucianism was just an idea;to Mencius,thoughts became sayings;to Xunzi here,the saying had finally become a practice,and finally helped ancient Chinese social governance t o laid a theoretical foundation.

关 键 词：孔子 孟子 荀子 先秦儒学 

分 类 号：B222.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]