Hierarchical Control Strategy for Load Regulation Based on Stackelberg Game Theory Considering Randomness  

作　　者：Tingyu Jiang Ping Ju C.Y.Chung Yuzhong Gong 

机构地区：[1]College of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China [2]Department of Electrical Engineering,City University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong CF624,China [3]Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Saskatchewan,Saskatoon,SK S7N 5A9,Canada [4]CSEE [5]IEEE

出　　处：《CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems》2024年第3期929-941,共13页中国电机工程学会电力与能源系统学报（英文）

基　　金：supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(SBK2023043599);Introduction of teacher research start-up fees(423167);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51837004,U2066601)。

摘　　要：Demand response has been recognized as a valuable functionality of power systems for mitigating power imbalances.This paper proposes a hierarchical control strategy among the distribution system operator(DSO),load aggregators(LAs),and thermostatically controlled loads(TCLs);the strategy includes a scheduling layer and an executive layer to provide load regulation.In the scheduling layer,the DSO(leader)offers compensation price(CP)strategies,and the LAs(followers)respond to CP strategies with available regulation power(ARP)strategies.Profits of the DSO and LAs are modeled according to their behaviors during the load regulation process.Stackelberg game is adopted to capture interactions among the players and leader and to obtain the optimal strategy for each participant to achieve utility.Moreover,considering inevitable random factors in practice,e.g.,renewable generation and behavior of users,two different stochastic models based on sample average approximation(SAA)and parameter modification are formulated with improved scheduling accuracy.In the executive layer,distributed TCLs are triggered based on strategies determined in the scheduling layer.A self-triggering method that does not violate user privacy is presented,where TCLs receive external signals from the LA and independently determine whether to alter their operation statuses.Numerical simulations are performed on the modified IEEE-24 bus system to verify effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

关 键 词：Demand response hierarchical control load regulation self-triggering method Stackelberg game 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]