防弹头盔用三维机织预制体的曲面成型性研究  

Study on Curved Surface Formability of 3D Woven Preform for Ballistic Helmet

作　　者：张长龙 陈利[1,2] 王静[1,2] 焦伟 李海涛 ZHANG Changlong;CHEN Li;WANG Jing;JIAO Wei;LI Haitao(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites Materials,Institute of Composite Materials,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;Equipment Research Branch,3502 International China Clothing Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050308,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学复合材料研究院先进纺织复合材料教育部重点实验室,天津300387 [3]际华三五零二职业装有限公司装具装备研究分院,河北石家庄050308

出　　处：《兵工学报》2024年第6期2017-2024,共8页Acta Armamentarii

摘　　要：三维机织预制体(Three Dimensional Woven Preforms,3DWP)因其较好的成型性和显著的层间承载能力,有望实现头盔曲面一体化成型,减少裁片与原材料浪费。因防弹头盔多曲面、高曲率的结构特点,研究3DWP在曲面成型时的变形机制对于指导头盔的一体化成型至关重要。一种衬经层层角连锁3DWP在高曲率、大变形时的曲面成型性被系统地研究,从面内与层间维度、宏细观尺度全面地阐述了3DWP的变形机理和褶皱缺陷的形成机制。实验结果表明:3DWP在成型过程中同纬度下沿45°方向的面内剪切变形最明显,凹面的最大面内剪切角为38°,大于凸面的35°;3DWP经纱列和纬纱列的最大层间剪切角分别为34.83°和27.76°;成型后3DWP已达到其面内剪切锁紧角62°,细观上诱发了纱线的屈曲,宏观上形成了脊形的褶皱;在褶皱区域,面内剪切角最大值仅为4.8°,层间剪切角最大值为18°。对实际应用中防弹头盔增强织物结构选择以及成型工艺具有指导意义。Three-dimensional woven preform(3DWP),because of its better formability and significant interlaminar bearing capacity,is expected to achieve the integrated molding of helmet curved surfaced,and reduce the waste of cut and raw materials.Because of the structure characteristics of ballistic helmet with multiple curved surfaces and high curvature,it is important to study the deformation mechanism of 3DWP during curved surface forming for the integrated forming of helmet.The curved surface formability of a layer-to-layer interlock 3DWP with stuffer yarns under high curvature and large deformation is studied systematically.The deformation mechanism and wrinkle defects formation mechanism of 3DWP are described comprehensively from in-plane/inter-layer dimensions and macro/mesoscale.The results indicate that significant in-plane shear deformation of 3DWP can be observed along the 45°direction at the same latitude.The maximum in-plane shear angle of the concave surface is 38°,which is greater than that of the convex surface.The maximum inter-layer shear angles of 3DWP warp and weft rows are 34.83°and 27.76°,respectively.After forming,3DWP has reached 62°intra-ply shear locking angle,which induces the buckling of yarns microscopically and forms the ridged wrinkles macroscopically.In the wrinkle area,the maximum in-plane shear angle is only 4.8°,and the maximum inter-layer shear angle is 18°.This conclusion has guiding significance for structure selection and forming process of reinforced fabric for ballistic helmet in practical application.

关 键 词：防弹头盔 三维机织预制体 层层角连锁 曲面成型 剪切角 褶皱缺陷 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]