煤矿不等长工作面微震事件空间分布特征及其影响因素  

Spatial distribution and influencing factors of microseismic events in unequal-length mining faces in coal mines

作　　者：周金艳 杨洪增 高杰涛 ZHOU Jinyan;YANG Hongzeng;GAO Jietao(Hebei Coal Science Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Xingtai 054000,China;Key Laboratory of Mine Water Disaster Detection,Prevention,and Control,National Mine Safety Administration,Xingtai 054000,China;Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Mine Microseismics,Xingtai 054000,China;National Key Laboratory of Energy Backfilling Mining Technology,Xingtai 054000,China;Hebei Backfilling Mining Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xingtai 054000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北煤炭科学研究院有限公司,河北邢台054000 [2]矿井水害探测与防控国家矿山安全监察局重点实验室,河北邢台054000 [3]河北省矿井微震重点实验室,河北邢台054000 [4]国家能源充填采煤技术重点实验室,河北邢台054000 [5]河北充填采矿技术有限公司,河北邢台054000

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2024年第6期128-136,共9页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：邢台市社会发展领域专项科研项目(2023ZC319)。

摘　　要：【目的】煤矿工作面倾斜长度变化或者调采是增大工作面突水风险的重要因素之一,探究不等长布置方式给工作面回采带来的危险及影响因素,是深化煤矿水害防治研究、保障工作面安全回采的关键问题之一。【方法】以冀中能源峰峰集团九龙煤矿15240工作面为工程背景,依据大量微震监测数据,基于STA/LTA模型识别微震事件并进行可视化输出,依据频次变化、平面分布范围、垂向分布特征等多维信息,深入分析了不同阶段的微震活动性和空间分布特点。【结果和结论】结果表明:不等长工作面回采过程中,微震事件呈现显著的时空分布阶段性特征。窄面阶段,处于采动初期,微震主要集中于宽面端附近前阶段窄面区域边缘;宽面阶段,处于采动中期,微震活动向后方宽面区域内部蔓延;进入斜面阶段后,微震则集中分布于巷道转弯处及物探异常区附近。由窄变宽区域、调采区域,呈现底板事件活动性增强、扰动深度增大的特点,是加强水文地质观测的重点区域。回采扰动与上覆煤层抬升引起的应力重新分布、巷道围岩卸压失稳,以及两者的耦合作用是导致不同阶段微震事件产生和分布差异的根本原因。研究揭示了不等长工作面回采引发微震活动的基本规律,为类似工作面矿压监测、底板破坏深度、微震监测水害动态预警等提供了新的理论指导和数据支持,为增强煤矿安全生产能力提供重要的技术支撑。[Objective]The varying length of a mining face along its dip direction or adjusting mining significantly increases water inrush risks of the mining face.This study investigate the hazards and influencing factors brought by unequal length arrangements to the mining face is one of the key issues in deepening the research on coal mine water hazard prevention and ensuring the safe mining face.[Methods]With the No.15240 mining face,consisting of a narrow part,a wide part,and a slope,in the Jiulong Coal Mine of the Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group as the engineering background,a large amount of microseismic monitoring data was analyzed.This study identified and visualized microseismic events using the STA/LTA model,obtaining multidimensional information such as frequency changes,planar distribution ranges,and vertical distribution characteristics.This data was then used to deeply analyze the microseismic events'activity and spatial distribution characteristics in various stages.[Results and Conclusions]Key findings are as follows:(1)The microseismic events exhibited pronounced staged spatio-temporal distribution characteristics during the mining of the unequal-length No.15240 mining face.During the mining of the narrow part(i.e.,the initial mining stage),microseisms were primarily distributed at the narrow part's edge close to the wide part.During the mining of the wide part(i.e.,the middle stage),microseismic activity spread toward the interior of the wide part in the rear.From the mining of the slope,microseisms were concentrated at the turning parts of roadway and near geophysical anomalous zones.(2)In the narrow-to-wide transition zone of the mining face and mining adjustment zones,the activity and disturbance depths of microseismic events increased on the coal seam floors,establishing these zones as key areas for enhanced hydrogeological observations.(3)The stress redistribution caused by mining disturbance and the uplift of overlying coal seams,the pressure relief-induced instability of surrounding rocks in the road

关 键 词：微震监测 空间分布特征 倾斜长度变化 采动影响 

分 类 号：TD263.4[矿业工程—矿井建设]