北京3种典型树种对降水再分配过程及化学特征的影响  

Assessing Precipitation Redistribution and Chemical Dynamics in Beijing:Impact of Three Typical Tree Species

作　　者：王以劢 张振明[1] WANG Yi-mai;ZHANG Zhen-ming(School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2024年第6期799-805,共7页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41877535)。

摘　　要：以重瓣榆叶梅(Amygdalus triloba)、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)、杜松(Juniperus juniper)3种树种为研究对象,自制穿透水、树干茎流收集装置,于2021年7月对降水、穿透水和树干茎流进行收集与分析。NH_(4)^(+)、Ca^(2+)、K^(+)、Cl^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)是降水离子的主要组分;降水持续过程中,重瓣榆叶梅的穿透水和树干茎流、刺槐的穿透水以及杜松的茎流离子浓度与持续时间相关。随着降雨时间的持续,穿透水和树干茎流水中大多数离子的浓度都与空地降水离子浓度有相似的趋势。重瓣榆叶梅的穿透水和树干茎流中与滞尘相关的K^(+)、Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)离子浓度与其他2种树种有显著差异(P<0.05)。降水淋洗杜松枝干后Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Cl^(-)、NO_(3)^(-)浓度的变化大于重瓣榆叶梅和刺槐。穿透水和树干茎流中的主要离子是Ca^(2+)、K^(+)、NO_(3)^(-),这可能与实验区域的扬尘、汽车尾气污染等有关。Three tree species of Amygdalus triloba(At),Robinia pseudoacacia(Rp)and Juniperus juniper(Jj)were used as research objects,and self-made through fall and stem flow collection devices were used to collect and analyze through fall and stem flow in July of 2021.NH_(4)^(+),Ca^(2+),K^(+),Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-)were the main components of precipitation ions.During the continuation of the precipitation process,the concentrations of most of the tested ions in the through fall and stem flow of At,through fall of Rp,and stem flow of the Jj were correlated with the duration of the rainfall.During the rainfall duration,the concentrations of most of the tested ions in the through fall and stem flow of At,the through fall of Rp and the stem flow of Jj were correlated with the duration.The K^(+),Mg^(2+),and Ca^(2+)ions associated with stagnant dust in the through fall and trunk stem flow of At were significantly different from those of the other two species.Changes in Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Cl^(-),and NO_(3)^(-)concentrations after precipitation drenching Jj branches and trunks were greater than those of At and Rp.The main cations and anions in both through fall and stem flow were Ca^(2+),K^(+)and NO_(3)^(-),which may be related to dust and automobile exhaust pollution in the experimental area.

关 键 词：降水再分配 林冠层 穿透雨 树干茎流 化学特征 

分 类 号：X83[环境科学与工程—环境工程]