112例新型冠状病毒感染患者使用阿兹夫定片的不良反应分析  

112 cases of adverse drug reactions induced by azvudine tablets in patients with COVID-19

作　　者：兰博 李桂德 李伟斯 周甘平[1] 林春燕[1] LAN Bo;LI Gui-de;LI Wei-si;ZHOU Gan-ping;LIN Chun-yan(Department of Clinical Pharmacy,Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning 530021)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区江滨医院临床药学科,南宁530021

出　　处：《中南药学》2024年第6期1658-1662,共5页Central South Pharmacy

基　　金：广西卫健委自筹经费科研课题(No.Z-A20230225,No.Z20210351)。

摘　　要：目的 对新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)患者使用阿兹夫定片发生的不良反应(ADR)进行分析,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 临床药师对我院2022年11月1日至2023年1月15日使用阿兹夫定片的352例COVID-19患者进行药学监护,询问患者发生ADR的临床表现,记录患者的一般资料、用药情况、肝肾功能等信息。结果 我院使用阿兹夫定片患者的平均年龄为74.60岁,60岁以上的老年患者占比为84.09%。352例患者中发生ADR的患者共计112例,ADR总体发生率为31.82%,阿兹夫定片ADR主要表现为头晕、头痛、恶心、腹痛、转氨酶升高,其中神经系统(26.16%)、胃肠系统(25.00%)及肝胆系统(21.51%)损害占比较高。单因素分析提示转氨酶升高与患者平均年龄和用药时间显著相关。结论 COVID-19患者使用阿兹夫定片抗病毒治疗应高度重视相关ADR监测,用药时间超过一周的老年患者发生转氨酶升高的风险较大,临床需加强相关监测,确保患者用药安全。Objective To analyse the adverse drug reactions(ADR)induced by azvudine tablets in patients with COVID-19,to provide reference for rational drug use.Methods Clinical pharmacists provided pharmaceutical care for 352 patients with COVID-19 who received azfudine tablets in our hospital from November 1,2022 to January 15,2023.They inquired about the clinical manifestations of ADR,and recorded the general information,drug use,and liver and kidney function.Results The average age of patients who used azfudine tablets in our hospital was 74.60 years old,and patients over 60 years old accounted for 84.09%.Totally 112 ADR cases reported out of the 352 patients,with overall incidence 31.82%.The ADRs of azfudine tablets mainly included dizziness,headache,nausea,abdominal pain and elevated aminotransferase,among which the damage of the nervous system(26.16%),gastrointestinal system(25.00%)and hepatobiliary system(21.51%)accounted for a relatively high proportion.Univariate analysis indicated that the increase of transaminase was obviously correlated with the mean age and duration of medication.Conclusion Close monitoring of ADRs by azfudine tablets in patients with COVID-19 is needed.Elderly patients who take azfudine tablets for more than one week have a greater risk of elevated transaminase,so careful monitoring should be strengthened to ensure medication safety.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 阿兹夫定片 药品不良反应 转氨酶升高 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]