西方历史书写需要一场认知革命  

Western Historiography Calls for a Recognition Revolution

作　　者：陈恒[1] Chen Heng

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院世界史系

出　　处：《历史研究》2024年第4期4-23,M0003,共21页Historical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"20世纪的历史学和历史学家"(19ZDA235)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在民族国家兴起和现代社会知识飞速增长中诞生的职业化历史学,虽然塑造了经典研究范式,但也带来"建制化的白",历史学自身发展的历史并未被视作重要的研究领域,史学史研究不可避免地出现了许多缺漏。欧洲化的知识结构随着殖民主义向全球传播,以西方为中心的历史书写模式使得非西方国家失去了平等、公平、公正表达观点的机会。在人类文明巨变的今天,史学的新材料、新观念、新理论层出不穷,"第四次史学革命"呼之欲出。西方历史书写需要一场认知革命,不以一种中心取代另一种中心,不再被细化的学科所决定,也不再被民族国家所约束。如此才能真正做到文明交往、互鉴、互融,学术才能真正繁荣。Professionalized historiography,born amidst the rise of national states and the growth of modern knowledge,has indeed shaped classical research paradigms;yet it has also produced systemic and structural conventions.The development history of historiography itself has not been taken seriously as an important research field.Studies on history of historiography are conventional in both intension and extension,making it hard to observe objectively positions and biases ingrained in historiography.One can hardly deny that,as Europeanized knowledge structures spread all over the world through colonialism,they propelled the development of historiography,but the West-centered modes of historiography had also deprived non-Western countries of the opportunity to express their views equally,fairly and justly.In the present age of drastic changes in human civilization,historiography is continuously invigorated by new materials,new perspectives,and new theories,heralding the imminent arrival of"the fourth revolution of historiography"Historiography calls for a recognition revolution that refrains from substituting one center with another.Consequently,it is no longer confined by specialized disciplines or constrained by national states.Only by doing so can we truly achieve exchanges,mutual learning and integration among civilizations and foster academic prosperity.

关 键 词：史学史 西方中心论 史学危机 历史学家 历史观念 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]