赤藓糖醇在考古木材保护中的应用  

Application of erythritol in the conservation of archaeological wood

作　　者：刘东坡 马丹 王飞 张治国 郑幼明 孙健 LIU Dongpo;MA Dan;WANG Fei;ZHANG Zhiguo;ZHENG Youming;SUN Jian(Zhejiang Provincial Museum,Hangzhou 310007,China;National Center for Archaeology,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省博物馆,浙江杭州310007 [2]国家文物局考古研究中心,北京100013

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2024年第3期1-8,共8页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项:海洋出水木质文物保护关键技术研发(2020YFC1521800)资助,国家重点研发计划专项:海洋出水木质文物脱水材料与工艺研究(2020YFC1521803)资助,浙江省文物保护科技项目(2019001)资助。

摘　　要：选取3种不同遗址出土(出水)的考古木材为试验样品,以赤藓糖醇为定形加固材料,在50℃恒温水浴中以不同质量分数的赤藓糖醇溶液对试验样品进行渗透填充,渗透填充结束后采用真空冷冻干燥方式对试验样品进行脱水干燥。分别从尺寸稳定性、环境稳定性、力学性能、显微形貌几个方面考察了赤藓糖醇对考古木材的定形保护效果。试验结果显示赤藓糖醇作为定形加固材料能够对考古木材起到良好的定形保护作用,定形保护效果随赤藓糖醇质量分数的增加而提升,质量分数为30%赤藓糖醇即可显著提升考古木材的尺寸稳定性、环境稳定性和力学性能。赤藓糖醇以晶体形式在考古木材细胞壁上析出,对木材组织起到支撑和加固作用,提高了考古木材的尺寸稳定性和环境稳定性。Three kinds of archaeological wood unearthed from different sites were selected as test samples,and erythritol was used as the dimensional stabilizing material.The test samples were infiltrated with the erythritol solution with different mass fractions in a constant temperature(50℃)water bath.After infiltration,the test samples were dehydrated and dried by vacuum freezing.The dimensional conservation effect of erythritol on archaeological wood was investigated from the aspects of dimensional stability,environmental stability,mechanical properties and micro morphology.The results of the dimensional conservation test show that erythritol,as the dimensional stabilizing material,could play a good role in the dimensional conservation of archaeological wood,and that the dimensional conservation effect was promoted with the increase of the mass fraction of erythritol.The erythritol solution with a mass fraction of 30%significantly improved the dimensional stability,environmental stability and mechanical properties of archaeological wood.Erythritol precipitates on the cell wall of archaeological wood in the form of crystals,which support and strengthen the archaeological wood tissue,and thus improve its dimensional and environmental stability.

关 键 词：赤藓糖醇 考古木材 定形保护 

分 类 号：K876.6[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]