镉锌稳定同位素地球化学及其在土壤等地质体中的危害与治理研究进展  

Research progress of stable isotopic geochemistry of cadmium and zinc and its harm and control in soil and other geological bodies

作　　者：曹瑞芹 杨忠芳[1] 余涛 CAO Ruiqin;YANG Zhongfang;YU Tao(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;School of Science,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京)数理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国地质》2024年第3期833-864,共32页Geology in China

基　　金：广东省地质勘查与城市地质调查项目(2023-25);中国地质调查局项目(DD20211414);陕西省公益性地质调查项目(202201)联合资助。

摘　　要：【研究目的 】镉、锌既是重要的矿产资源,也是有害的重金属元素。随着多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(MC-ICP-MS)的发展,镉、锌等非传统稳定同位素体系的建立与应用使镉、锌地球化学研究水平迈上新的高度,镉、锌同位素体系建立与应用成为国际研究热点。【研究方法 】本文通过查阅大量镉、锌同位素的相关文献,从镉、锌同位素的分析方法、分馏机制、自然界储库组成及应用领域进行了综述。【研究结果 】(1)随着镉、锌同位素分析技术的不断改进,其同位素体系正在逐步建立;(2)地球各储库中的锌同位素组成已基本查明,镉同位素组成正处于数据积累阶段;(3)镉、锌同位素分馏机制主要包括吸附沉淀、生物作用、化学作用等,目前已逐渐被应用到指示行星分异、探明成矿机制、重建古环境、示踪污染源等多种领域中;(4)在解析重金属污染源时,多种同位素的联用有助于减小不确定性。【结论 】在新型同位素分析仪器和技术的开发下,镉、锌同位素的研究拥有更大的发展空间。未来的研究重点主要包括对镉、锌同位素分馏机制、部分储库含量、应用领域进行完善。This paper is the result of environmental geological survey engineering.[Objective] Cadmium(Cd) and zinc(Zn) are both important mineral resources and harmful heavy metal elements. The recent development of multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) has improved the precision of Zn isotope composition analysis in different environments. The establishment and application of non-traditional stable isotope systems such as cadmium and zinc have raised the geochemical research of cadmium and zinc to a new level, which also have become hot topics in isotope geochemistry. [Methods] This paper reviews recent research progress on the analytical methods, fractionation mechanisms, isotopic compositions in different reservoirs, and application fields of Zn and Cd isotopes investigated in many studies. [Results] (1) The improvement of Zn and Cd isotope analysis technology has promoted the establishment of their isotope systems. (2) The compositions of Zn isotopes in various reservoirs have been basically identified. The data for Cd isotope compositions in reservoirs and anthropogenic sources is in the period of accumulation. (3) The isotopic fractionation mechanisms of Cd and Zn mainly include mineral adsorption, biological processes, and chemical reactions, which have been applied in the indication of planetary evolution, the exploration of metallogenic mechanisms, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, and pollution source tracer. (4) The combination of multiple isotopes helps to reduce uncertainty in the analysis of heavy metal pollution sources. [Conclusions] The development of new isotope analysis instruments and technologies has made the research of Zn and Cd isotopes more promising. It is expected that more work should be carried out in the near future to improve the fractionation mechanisms, compositions in partial reservoirs, and application fields.

关 键 词：土壤 镉同位素 锌同位素 分析方法 分馏机制 同位素组成 古环境重建 同位素示踪 修复技术 环境地质调查工程 

分 类 号：P612[天文地球—矿床学] P597[天文地球—地质学]