Optimization of inter-seasonal nitrogen allocation increases yield and resource-use efficiency in a water-limited wheat-maize cropping system in the North China Plain  

作　　者：Xiaonan Zhou Chenghang Du Haoran Li Zhencai Sun Yifei Chen Zhiqiang Gao Zhigan Zhao Yinghua Zhang Zhimin Wang Ying Liu 

机构地区：[1]College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China [2]College of Information and Electrical Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China [3]Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-Quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China

出　　处：《The Crop Journal》2024年第3期907-914,共8页作物学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by Hebei Province Key Research Project(21327003D-1);Beijing Science and Technology Planning Project(Z221100006422005);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M743815);China Agriculture Research System(CARS301)。

摘　　要：Winter wheat–summer maize cropping system in the North China Plain often experiences droughtinduced yield reduction in the wheat season and rainwater and nitrogen(N)fertilizer losses in the maize season.This study aimed to identify an optimal interseasonal water-and N-management strategy to alleviate these losses.Four ratios of allocation of 360 kg N ha^(-1)between the wheat and maize seasons under one-time presowing root-zone irrigation(W0)and additional jointing and anthesis irrigation(W2)in wheat and one irrigation after maize sowing were set as follows:N1(120:240),N2(180:180),N3(240:120)and N4(300:60).The results showed that under W0,the N3 treatment produced the highest annual yield,crop water productivity(WPC),and nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN).Increased N allocation in wheat under W0 improved wheat yield without affecting maize yield,as surplus nitrate after wheat harvest was retained in the topsoil layers and available for the subsequent maize.Under W2,annual yield was largest in the N2 treatment.The risk of nitrate leaching increased in W2 when N application rate in wheat exceeded that of the N2 treatment,especially in the wet year.Compared to W2N2,the W0N3 maintained 95.2%grain yield over two years.The WPCwas higher in the W0 treatment than in the W2 treatment.Therefore,following limited total N rate,an appropriate fertilizer N transfer from maize to wheat season had the potential of a“triple win”for high annual yield,WPCand PFPN in a water-limited wheat–maize cropping system.

关 键 词：Cropping system Water-saving irrigation North China Plain Nitrogen optimization Sustainable intensification 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S513