新疆“木吉火山群”的属性与特征  

The attributes and characteristics of“Muji volcano group”in Xinjiang

作　　者：刘嘉麒 吴成桥[1] 张斌 孙智浩 朱泽阳 许立青 张蕾 叶张煌 郭正府[2] LIU Jiaqi;WU Chengqiao;ZHANG Bin;SUN Zhihao;ZHU Zeyang;XU Liqing;ZHANG Lei;YE Zhanghuang;GUO Zhengfu(College of Earth Sciences,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050031,China;Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Jiangxi Normal University of Science and Technology,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330038,China)

机构地区：[1]河北地质大学地球科学学院,河北石家庄050031 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所新生代地质与环境院重点实验室,北京100029 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]江西科技师范大学,江西南昌330038

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第6期1637-1648,共12页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号42272349,41962012);中国博士后科学基金项目(编号2021M703196)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：本文是首次对新疆“木吉火山群”综合地质调查研究结果的展示。在对该“火山群”进行全面深入野外调查和系统分析研究的基础上,笔者提出了“热火山”和“冷火山”的新概念,将泥火山和“木吉火山群”纳入“冷火山”。“木吉火山群”沿木吉河谷分布,至少有63个大小不等的“火山锥”,其中锥底直径>50m,锥高>5m的有13个。锥顶多具“火山口”,口中多有积水。锥体主要由灰岩组成,“火山口”水化学分析显示Ca 2+、HCO-3含量高,这都与周缘山地出露岩层中富含碳酸盐岩石相呼应。这些“火山锥”主要由木吉河谷地下水、泉水和流水溶蚀碳酸盐,喷出地表,再沉积而成。它们似火山,却不是传统意义上的火山,也不同于一般的泥火山,应属于钙质泉华型“冷火山”。This paper presents the initial findings of a comprehensive geological survey of the“Muji volcano group”.Through extensive fieldworkanda systematic analysis of the volcano group,the author introduces innovative concepts such as“hot volcano”and“cold volcano”.The classification incorporates mud volcanoes,categorizing the Muji volcano group as a“cold volcano”.The“Muji volcano group”is distributed along the Muji River valley,encompassing at least 63 volcanic cones of various sizes.Thirteen of these cones have a base diameter exceeding 50 m and a cone height surpassing 5 m.The cones exhibit numerous craters at their summits,often containing substantial water.The primary composition of these cones is limestone,and hydrochemical analysis of the crater water reveals elevated levels of Ca^(2+)and HCO_(3)^(-),aligning with the abundant carbonate rocks in the surrounding area.These volcanic cones primarily result from the dissolution of carbonates by groundwater,spring water,and running water in the Muji River valley.The expelled materials are deposited on the surface,forming structures akin to volcanoes.Despite their outward resemblance,these formations deviate from traditional volcanoes and differ from typical mud volcanoes.Consequently,they are classified as calcareous spring-type“cold volcanoes”.

关 键 词：木吉 “热火山” “冷火山” 泉华型“冷火山” 

分 类 号：P317[天文地球—固体地球物理学]