合成金刚石的晶体形态对天然金刚石的启示  

Morphological characteristics of diamonds grown at HPHT conditions and implications to natural diamonds

作　　者：鲁智云 杨经绥 连东洋 吴魏伟 杨彧 曹楚奇 蔡鹏捷 LU Zhiyun;YANG Jingsui;LIAN Dongyang;WU Weiwei;YANG Yu;CAO Chuqi;CAI Pengjie(School of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058,China;State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research,School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China;Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学地球科学学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]南京大学地球科学与工程学院内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [3]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第6期1743-1756,共14页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号92062215,42272068)资助的成果。

摘　　要：作为深部地球研究的“信使”,不同类型天然金刚石的形成温度、压力及环境介质条件一直是地球科学中的重要内容。天然金刚石原石呈现出多种多样的晶型和表面形貌特征是其结晶过程、介质环境和运移过程的最直接记录。伴随着金刚石高温高压合成技术的发展以及合成金刚石的规模化工业生产应用,前人对合成金刚石的晶型及表面形貌特征进行了大量的描述并详细探讨了温度、压力及组分差异对晶体形态的影响。本文对不同条件下的合成金刚石与不同类型天然金刚石的晶型特征、表面形貌特征进行了详细的对比分析,旨在将高温高压实验中明确的生长条件及晶体生长规律应用于天然金刚石形成条件的研究中,并进一步为金刚石晶体形态反映出的地质环境特征、地幔流体/熔体组成和动力学条件的研究提供约束。As a“messenger”from the deep Earth,the geoscience community has long been intrigued by the formation temperature,pressure,and crystallization medium of natural diamonds.The various morphology and surface characteristics of these diamonds serve as invaluable records,shedding light on their crystallization,medium,and migration processes.With recent advancements in high-temperature and high-pressure(HPHT)techniques,as well as the industrial production of synthetic diamonds,we now have the means to extensively investigate the morphology of synthetic diamonds and their relationship with temperature,pressure,and composition.In this paper,we present a comprehensive comparative morphological review of synthetic diamonds grown under various conditions,as well as different types of natural diamonds.Our goal is to enhance our understanding of the P-T parameters and mantle fluid composition associated with the crystallization of natural diamonds.By conducting this review,we aim to provide valuable insights into the recovery of chemical composition in carbon-bearing fluids/melts within the deep Earth,especially under complex geological backgrounds.Additionally,we seek to gain a deeper understanding of the formation environment of natural diamonds and the subsequent corrosion reaction processes.

关 键 词：金刚石 高温高压实验 晶型 表面形貌 温度 压力 

分 类 号：P578.16[天文地球—矿物学]