国外典型国家综合性交通运输立法经验及启示  

Experience of Typical Comprehensive Transportation Legislations of Foreign Countries and Its Enlightenments for China

作　　者：周艾燕[1] 李忠奎[1] 丁芝华 涂梅超 ZHOU Aiyan;LI Zhongkui;DING Zhihua;TU Meichao(China Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《交通运输研究》2024年第2期110-124,共15页Transport Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(20210104)。

摘　　要：目前,我国综合性交通运输立法空缺,《交通运输法》已列入国家立法计划。为开展好我国综合性交通运输立法工作,采用对比分析方法,研究了国外典型国家综合性交通运输立法主要经验,分析了各国综合性交通运输法律,即美国综合交通运输系列法案、日本《交通政策基本法》、法国《国内交通基本法》和韩国《国家综合交通运输体系效率法》的立法思路和重点制度。在此基础上,结合我国综合性交通运输立法现状与需求,提出了加强我国综合性交通运输立法、起草《交通运输法》的建议。研究认为,我国综合性交通运输立法要加快步伐,满足国内综合交通运输体系建设的需要,需厘清立法思路,确立重点法律制度,包括明确交通运输发展总要求、确立综合交通运输管理体制、建立促进综合交通融合发展的制度、建立综合交通运输体系保障机制、明确综合交通安全绿色发展原则等。At present,there is no fundamental comprehensive transportation law in China.For this,the Transportation Law has been listed in the national legislative plan.In order to promote comprehensive transportation legislating in China well,a comparative analysis method was used to study the main experience of comprehensive transportation legislation in typical foreign countries.The legislative ideas and key systems of comprehensive transportation laws in various countries,including the United States′series comprehensive transportation act,Japan′s Basic Transportation Policy Act,France′s Basic Domestic Transportation Act,and South Korea′s National Comprehensive Transportation System Efficiency Act,were analyzed.On this basis,combined with the current situation and shortcomings of China′s comprehensive transportation legislation,some suggestions were proposed to strengthen China′s comprehensive transportation legislation and draft the Transportation Law.The paper suggests that China′s comprehensive transportation legislating should be accelerated,meet the needs of domestic comprehensive transportation system construction,clarify legislative ideas,establish key legal systems,including clarifying the overall requirements for transportation development,clarifying the comprehensive transportation management system,establishing a system to promote the integrated development of comprehensive transportation,establishing a comprehensive transportation system guarantee mechanism,and clarifying the green and safety development principles for comprehensive transportation.

关 键 词：综合交通运输体系 综合性交通运输立法 交通运输法 重点制度 保障机制 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]