油页岩干馏工艺粉尘爆炸风险评估研究  

Research on Dust Explosion Risk Assessment of Oil Shale Retorting Process

作　　者：王天枢 于立富 李航 孙威 YU Lifu;WANG Tianshu;LI Hang;SUN Wei(College of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China;College of Chemical Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学环境与安全工程学院,辽宁沈阳110142 [2]沈阳化工大学化学工程学院,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《沈阳化工大学学报》2023年第5期435-442,共8页Journal of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅博士启动基金资助项目(2019-BS-188);辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费资助项目(LQ2020024)。

摘　　要：为了更加全面地评估油页岩干馏炼油生产过程中发生粉尘爆炸的风险,提出了结合G1法、熵权法、博弈论和云模型理论的油页岩干馏工艺粉尘爆炸风险综合评估方法.该方法运用G1法和熵权法确定评价指标主客观权重,继而用博弈论方法计算综合权重值,并结合云模型判定粉尘爆炸风险等级.基于物料的爆炸特性,从人、物、环境和管理四个方面建立油页岩干馏工艺粉尘爆炸风险评估体系,并将工艺典型的危险因素归结成4大类和30项;以抚顺式油页岩干馏炼油工艺进行实例分析,得到的云模型数字特征为(60.54、3.22、0.79),爆炸风险为中等风险,并通过与层次分析法-模糊综合评价、AHP-熵权法组合赋权-可拓模型,及集对分析-可变模糊集法对比,验证了本模型的有效性.评估结果表明:该粉尘爆炸风险评估体系和评估方法具有针对性、可操作性及结果直观性,可为油页岩干馏工艺粉尘防爆风险研究提供参考.To evaluate the dust explosion risk in oil shale retorting process more comprehensively,a comprehensive risk assessment method for dust explosion in oil shale retorting process was proposed combining G1 method,entropy weight method,game theory and cloud model theory.The method uses G1 method and entropy weight method to determine the subjective and objective weight of evaluation index,and then calculates the comprehensive weight value by game theory method,and combines cloud model to determine the risk level of dust explosion.Based on the explosive characteristics of materials,the dust explosion risk assessment system of oil shale retorting process was established from four aspects of human,material,environment and management.The typical risk factors were classified into four categories and 30 items.Taking the Fushun style oil shale dry distillation refining process as an example for analysis,the numerical characteristics of the cloud model were(60.54,3.22,0.79),and the explosion risk was moderate.The effectiveness of the model was verified by comparing it with analytic hierarchy process-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method combined weight-extension model and variable fuzzy set pairing method.The research results show that the dust explosion risk assessment system and evaluation method of oil shale retorting process have strong pertinence and operability and the evaluation results are intuitive,which can provide reference for the study of dust explosion risk in oil shale retorting process.

关 键 词：粉尘爆炸 干馏过程 爆炸特性 风险评估 评估模型 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]