蚂蚁筑巢对森林土壤氮库组分含量和分配的影响  

The Impact of Ant Nesting on Concentration and Allocation of Nitrogen Pool Components in Forest Soils

作　　者：闪昇阳 陆梅[2] 李聪 赵定蓉 孙官发 陈志明 冯峻 SHAN Shengyang;LU Mei;LI Cong;ZHAO Dingrong;SUN Guanfa;CHEN Zhiming;FENG Jun(College of Ecology and Environment,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;College of Soil and Water Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Institute of Alpine Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Kunming Yunnan 650233,P.R.China;Napahai Nature Reserve Management and Protection Bureau,Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Yunnan 674400,P.R.China;Yunnan Tree Seedling Station,Kunming Yunnan 650215,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生态与环境学院,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学水土保持学院,云南昆明650224 [3]中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所,云南昆明650233 [4]纳帕海省级自然保护区管护局,云南迪庆674400 [5]云南省林木种苗工作站,云南昆明650215

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2024年第3期144-153,160,共11页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(42067011);云南省中青年学术技术带头人后备人才项目(202205AC160047);云南省应用基础研究面上基金项目(202001AT070113);西南林业大学博士启动基金资助项目(111901)。

摘　　要：为阐明蚂蚁筑巢对纳帕海面山森林土壤氮循环的影响过程及机制,以该区云杉-冷杉森林群落为研究对象,比较蚁巢和非蚁巢2种野外实验处理土壤氮组分(全氮、碱解氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、微生物生物量氮)含量及其分配(碱解氮/全氮、硝态氮/全氮、铵态氮/全氮、微生物生物量氮/全氮)的差异特征,分析蚂蚁筑巢活动引起土壤理化环境变化对氮库组分积累与分配的影响。结果显示:(1)蚂蚁筑巢显著影响土壤氮组分含量积累及分配(P<0.05)。其中,蚁巢土壤的全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、碱解氮和微生物生物量氮含量是非蚁巢的2.2、3.5、1.4、4.2、1.8倍;蚁巢土壤的氮组分(碱解氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、微生物生物量氮)占全氮比例是非蚁巢的1.88、1.47、1.38、1.58倍;土壤氮库组分及其分配受不同处理、土层及交互作用的影响显著(P<0.05)。(2)回归分析显示,土壤铵态氮和硝态氮分别解释全氮变化的87.29%、80.84%。(3)曼特尔分析表明,氮库组分积累的主要驱动因子是土壤孔隙度、全磷和pH,土壤氮库组成分配的主要驱动因子是有机质、速效钾和速效磷。可得结论:蚂蚁筑巢显著改变土壤孔隙度、酸碱性、碳磷钾养分等环境因子,进而调控纳帕海面山森林土壤氮库组分含量的积累与分配。研究结果有助于理解高原湿地面山土壤氮积累过程的土壤动物学调控机制。This study aimed to reveal the process and mechanism of ant colonization affecting soil nitrogen cycling in the neighbour forest of Napahai wetlands.We compared the differences of soil nitrogen components(i.e.,total,alkali-hydrolyzed,nitrate,ammonium,microbial nitrogen)and their allocation(alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen/total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen/total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen/total nitrogen,microbial biomass nitrogen/total nitrogen)in ant nests and the reference soils in the Abies fabri-Picea asperata community.We also analyzed the effects of ant-induced changes in soil physicochemical environments on accumulation and allocation of nitrogen components.The results indicated that ant colonization significantly affected soil nitrogen accumulation and allocation(P<0.05).The ant nesting increased total nitrogen(2.2 times),nitrate nitrogen(3.5 times),ammonium nitrogen(1.4 times),alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen(4.2 times),and microbial biomass nitrogen(1.8 times)compared with reference soils.Furthermore,the levels of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen/total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen/total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen/total nitrogen,microbial biomass nitrogen/total nitrogen in nest soils increased by 1.88,1.47,1.38,1.58 times compared with reference soils,respectively.We observed a significant effect of treatment,soil depth,and their interactions on accumulation and allocation of soil nitrogen components(P<0.05).Regression analysis revealed that ammonium and nitrate nitrogen explained 87.29%and 80.84%of the variance in total nitrogen,respectively.Mantel and structural equation indicated that soil porosity,total phosphorus,pH,and were the major drivers for nitrogen accumulation,while soil organic matter,available phosphorus,and available phosphorus were the drivers for nitrogen allocation.This study found that ant colonization regulated nitrogen accumulation and allocation primarily through altering soil environmental factors such as soil porosity,acid-alkalinity,carbon,phosphorus and potassium nutrients.Our results may contribute t

关 键 词：蚂蚁筑巢 氮组分 氮积累 氮分配 面山森林 纳帕海 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]