研究社会文化变迁的新视角——表征相似性分析:以老年人心理健康为例  

Representation similarity analysis−A new perspective to study sociocultural change:Taking the mental health of elderly people as an example

作　　者：袁航 罗思阳 YUAN Hang;LUO Siyang(Department of Psychology,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学心理学系、社会认知神经科学与精神健康广东省哲学社会科学重点实验室,广州510006

出　　处：《心理学报》2024年第7期938-953,I0011-I0029,共35页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32371125,32071081)资助。

摘　　要：在心理学及其他社会科学研究中,社会变迁研究主要使用单维度线性分析方法探索特定心理或行为的变化趋势以及影响社会变迁的潜在因素,缺乏对多维变量内部结构变迁的关注,也难以比较不同尺度的社会变迁现象。本研究将介绍一种从模式角度进行社会变迁研究的方法——表征相似性分析,并以1998~2018年间对中国老年人健康影响因素的纵向追踪数据(CLHLS)与对应时期的社会文化变迁测量为实例,演示如何构建多维度的表征相似性框架,依次介绍多变量单维模式分析[时间、空间、心理与意识空间(Mental space,简称“意间”)]、多变量跨维度模式分析(意间−时间,意间−空间,意间−时间−空间)、跨尺度模式分析(地区−国家)、概念模式分析,以及表征相似性分析与传统方法的耦合分析,随后展望了表征相似性分析的拓展方向。In recent years,social transformation and economic development in China have changed people’s behaviour,lifestyles,and values and have directly affected individuals’mental state and behaviour.However,due to the limitations of research methods,previous studies have explored target variables from a single dimension.They have lacked exploration of the multidimensional structure of complex variables and have been unable to directly compare cross-scale data.Therefore,social and cultural psychology research needs to incorporate a systems science perspective to study and understand the structure and pattern of social changes.This study introduces a new approach for exploring social change from the perspective of pattern-representational similarity analysis(RSA).Based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS)-Longitudinal Data(1998~2018),we demonstrate the process of the construction of representation similarity matrices and provide examples of multivariable-unidimensional pattern analysis(time,space,mental space),multivariable cross-dimensional pattern analysis(mental space-time,mental space-space,mental space-time-space),cross-scale model analysis(region-country),conceptual model analysis,and coupling analysis between RSA and traditional methods.This study finds that the pattern and level of economic development moderates the similarity between regional mental health change patterns and the overall pattern of elderly individuals.In addition,the cultural looseness-tightness concept model and the interregional pattern of mental health among elderly individuals have significant similarities.These results show that RSA analysis can explore the relationship between variables from the perspective of patterns and can make direct quantitative comparisons of cross-scale data.Overall,this study introduces different methods for the application of RSA in social change research through demonstrative examples.The exploration of psychological and behavioural changes in social change from a pattern perspective pa

关 键 词：社会文化变迁 表征相似性 模式分析 跨尺度 老年人心理健康 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]