长江上游高坝大库垂向微生物结构及其网络互作  

Vertical Microbial Structure and Network Interactions in the High Dam Reservoir in the Upper Yangtze River

作　　者：陈露欣 鲁伦慧[2] CHEN Luxin;LU Lunhui(Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;Chongqing School,University of Chinese Academy of Scienes,Chongqing 400714,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学,重庆400074 [2]中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院,重庆400714 [3]中国科学院大学重庆学院,重庆400714

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2024年第2期15-26,共12页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2340222,U2040211);中国科学院西部之光“西部青年学者”。

摘　　要：长江上游一系列高坝大库导致水体光、温、氧等呈现特有的垂向分层特征,导致垂向微食物网结构发生变化。本文选取长江上游典型高坝大库溪洛渡、向家坝、三峡大坝坝前垂向生境为研究对象,于2019年从坝前垂向采集了5个不同深度水层的水样,开展了坝前垂向生境特性和微生物群落结构的调查研究。研究发现,7月溪洛渡坝前垂向从90到140m,溶解氧浓度先降低后增加。溪洛渡水库5月在距水体表层40~60m处发生温跃,7月在距水体表层80~120m处发生温跃。向家坝水库5月在水层底部附近出现温跃。不同深度水层物种组成种类和丰度无显著差异,但香农多样性存在差异,并且从表层到底层,香农指数先降低后增加。蓝藻丰度在不同水深差异显著。共现网络分析表明,不同深度水层微生物间的相互作用以正相互作用为主;第二层水层水样微生物群落具有最高的模块化程度,比其他水深处的共发生网络具有更高的复杂度;藻类在微食物网中具有重要作用:藻类与细菌、藻类与原生动物、细菌与原生动物的互作是水生生态系统微食物网之间的主要互作类型,占物种间总互作的81.50%。研究结果表明,坝前垂向不同深度水层微食物网结构和物种间的相互作用在温度、溶解氧浓度等环境因子的作用下存在差异。In the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,a series of high dams with large reservoir have led to unique vertical stratification of water properties such as light,temperature,and oxygen,causing changes in the vertical micro-food web structure.This study focuses on the vertical habitats before typical high dams with large reservoir in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,namely Xiluodu,Xiangjiaba,and Three Gorges Dams.Water samples were collected vertically before the dams at five different depths in 2019 to investigate the characteristics of the vertical habitats and the microbial community structure.The study found that Xiluodu Reservoir experienced dissolved oxygen concentration from 90 m to 140 m in July decreased first and then increased.The Xiluodu Reservoir experienced temperature jump in May at a distance of 40-60 m from the surface of the water body,and in July at a distance of 80-120 m from the surface of the water body.Differences in species composition and abundance were not significant among different depth layers,but Shannon diversity varied,decreasing and then increasing from the surface to the bottom layers.Cyanobacteria abundance varied significantly with depth.Co-occurrence network analysis showed mainly positive interactions among microorganisms at different depths,with the second layer having the highest modularity and complexity.The interaction between algae and bacteria,between algae and protozoa,and between bacteria and protozoa were the main type of interaction between aquatic ecosystem microfood webs,accounting for 81.50% of the total interaction between species.The study indicates that the structure of the vertical micro-food web and species interactions at different depths in frond of the dams vary under the influence of environmental factors such as temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration.

关 键 词：高坝大库 长江上游 垂向生境 微食物网 群落结构 网络互作 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]