近30年三峡库区腹心地带气候宜居性评价  

Evaluation of Ecoclimate Livability in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Hinterland in Past 30 Years

作　　者：袁久坤 周英 陈鲜艳[2] 武强 方丽 陈元珺 YUAN Jiukun;ZHOU Ying;CHEN Xianyan;WU Qiang;FANG Li;CHEN Yuanjun(CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy,Wanzhou Meteorological Service,Wanzhou 404000,China;National Climate Centre,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy,Chongqing Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气候资源经济转化重点开放实验室,重庆市万州区气象局,重庆万州404000 [2]中国气象局国家气候中心,北京100081 [3]中国气象局气候资源经济转化重点开放实验室,重庆市气象科学研究所,重庆401147

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2024年第2期87-97,共11页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：中国气象局气候资源经济转化重点开放实验室开放研究课题(2023017);中国长江三峡集团有限公司项目(0704182);重庆市万州区科技计划项目(wzstc-20220303)。

摘　　要：利用三峡库区腹心地带1991—2020年气象资料及2016—2020年生态环境资料,对三峡库区腹心地带的生态气候宜居性时空分布及其蓄水前后的变化特征进行分析评估。结果表明,该地区年适宜温度及降水日数适中,冬季偏暖,大气含氧量较高,气候度假及旅游指数较高,各月人体感觉较为舒适;年平均大气自净能力较好,空气质量达标率、森林覆盖率、人均占有水资源量均较高;气候宜居评价指标平均优良率达86.2%,总体生态气候适宜。但其中不适宜因素主要是夏季气温较高,年高温日数偏多,冬季日照偏少。气候宜居指数年变化呈现微弱上升趋势;空间上宜居区大体沿长江带状分布,江南优于江北,以石柱为宜居中心。蓄水前后气候宜居评价指标优良率分别为86.2%和84.7%;蓄水后气候宜居指数略高于蓄水前,蓄水前后气候适宜程度均较高。An analysis and evaluation were conducted on the spatiotemporal distribution of eco-climatic habitability in the core area of the Three Gorges Reservoir,utilizing meteorological data from 1991 to 2020 and ecological environment data from 2016 to 2020.The study aimed to assess the changes in the ecological climate habitability and its variations before and after the reservoir filling in the core area of the Three Gorges Reservoir.The results indicate that the region has moderate annual temperatures and precipitation days,with relatively warm winters and a high amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.The climate vacation and tourism index is relatively high,The human body feels relatively comfortable every month;The annual average atmospheric self-purification capacity is good,with high compliance rates in air quality,forest coverage,and per capita water resources;The evaluation index of habitable climate exhibits an average excellent rate of 86.2%,indicating an overall ecologically suitable climate.However,the primary factors rendering it unsuitable are the high temperature in summer,the high temperature days in a year and low sunshine in winter.The annual change of climate habitable index shows a weak upward trend;In space,habitable areas are generally distributed along the Yangtze River,and Jiangnan is better than Jiangbei,with Shizhu as the habitation center.The excellent and good rates of climate habitable evaluation indexes before and after water storage are 86.2% and 84.7%,respectively.The climate habitable index after impoundment is slightly higher than that before impoundment,and the climate suitability degree is relatively high both before and after impoundment.

关 键 词：三峡库区 生态气候 大气自净能力 气候舒适性 宜居性 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]