复合型离层水突涌机理研究及防治对策  

Study on the mechanism and prevention countermeasures of compound separation water inrush

作　　者：曹毓芳 尹全 张贵彬 CAO Yufang;YIN Quan;ZHANG Guibin(Jinzhong Emergency Rescue Team,Jinzhong 030600,China;Jinzhong Coal Planning and Design Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Jinzhong 030600,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]晋中市应急救援大队,山西晋中030600 [2]晋中市煤炭规划设计研究院有限公司,山西晋中030600 [3]临沂大学土木工程与建筑学院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《中国矿业》2024年第6期194-202,共9页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年项目资助(编号:ZR2021QD091)。

摘　　要：针对煤矿顶板离层水突涌方式隐蔽、突涌形式多样、突涌机理不清及难以有效防治的特点,本文在总结全国离层水突涌煤矿地区分布、水文地质和开采条件的基础上,通过单轴抗压试验研究了不同地区泥岩在水力耦合作用下的力学强度劣化差异,通过理论和实际案例分析了顶板离层水突涌机理,并提出相应的防治措施。研究结果表明:水源、时间、空间和导水通道是离层水形成条件的主导因素;在浸水作用下横河煤矿泥岩强度降低了35%,低于榆树井煤矿的泥岩强度,表现出明显的差异性;离层水突涌类型分为动水压突水、岩层软化致灾、覆岩荷载及水压协同致灾、多煤层叠加开采突涌和断层离层耦合突涌,部分煤矿具有多种离层水突涌类型并存特性;对于可能发生复合型离层水突涌的煤矿,基于不同的开采条件提出离层水截流孔(导流孔)和注浆技术、部分充填开采、走向条带开采3种措施。通过研究导致煤矿顶板突水的机理能更好指导相似条件煤矿预防同类事故。Considering the current characteristics of concealed pathways,diverse forms and ambiguous mechanisms associated with water inrush from roof bed separation in coal mine,effective prevention measures pose significant challenges.Based on the separation water inrush of coal mines in China to thoroughly summary the regional distribution,hydrogeology and mining conditions.The difference of mechanical strength degradation of mudstone in different regions under water-rock coupling is studied by uniaxial compression test.Through theoretical analysis and related water inrush of coal mine,the mechanism of roof separation water inrush is analyzed,and the corresponding prevention and control measures are put forward.The results show that water source,time,space and water conducting channel are the dominant factors for the formation of separation water.The mudstone strength of Henghe Coal Mine is reduced by 35%under the action of immersing,which is lower than that of Yushujing Coal Mine,showing obvious difference.There are five basic types of separation water inrush,including dynamic water inrush,disaster caused by rock softening,disaster caused by load and water pressure,water inrush of multi-seam superimposed mining and water inrush of fault coupling bed separation.Many coal mines have coexistence characteristics of multiple types of separation water inrush.Based on different mining conditions,three measures are proposed for coal mines that may occur compound separation water inrush,including comprehensive application of intercepting hole(diversion hole)and grouting technology,partial filling mining,and strike strip mining methods.The mechanism of coal mine roof water inrush is further studied,which can better guide coal mine to prevent similar accidents.

关 键 词：离层水突涌 区域划分 突涌条件 突涌类型 防治措施 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]