马克思对兰克史学的学习吸收与批判发展——从《克罗茨纳赫笔记》出发的分析  

Marx’s Learning,Absorption and Critical Development of Rank’sHistoriography——Analysis Starting from the Croznach Notes

作　　者：陈显川 CHEN Xianchuan(School of Marxism,Central South University,Changsha,410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学马克思主义学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《甘肃理论学刊》2024年第3期53-60,共8页Gansu Theory Research

摘　　要：德国著名历史学家兰克是马克思在柏林大学的师辈,尽管他们在政治立场与思想观念等方面存在很大分歧,但兰克在历史学方面对马克思依然有重要的影响。从《克罗茨纳赫笔记》等论著可以发现,马克思在对兰克史学进行学习吸收与批判性发展的过程中形成其唯物史观。在历史观念方面,马克思在对兰克史学的批判与发展中,逐渐实现从唯心主义到唯物主义的飞跃;在研究范畴方面,马克思促进了从兰克所重视的政治史到社会经济史的转向;在研究方法方面,马克思在兰克“史料批判”的基础上发展出了“实践反思”的方法。因此,把握马克思与兰克的史学交集与理论联系,有助于进一步梳理马克思历史观的发展脉络,以及深刻理解马克思主义史学的观念和方法。Rank,as a famous German historian,was also Marx’s teacher in the Berlin university.Despite their political positions and ideological ideas,Rank still had a certain influence on Marx in history.From Marx’s works such as Croznach Notes,we can find the dialogue between Marx and Rank,as well as Marx's learning and criticizing of Rank’s historiography.In terms of historical concepts,Marx gradually achieved a leap from idealism to materialism in his criticism and development of Rank’s historiography;In terms of research scope,Marx promoted the shift from the political history that Rank valued to the socio-economic history;In terms of research methods,Marx developed the method of“practical reflection”based on Rank’s“criticism of historical materials”.Therefore,starting from Rank’s historiography is helpful to further understand Marx’s historical concepts.

关 键 词：马克思 兰克 《克罗茨纳赫笔记》 历史观念 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]