婚姻目的视野下彩礼返还纠纷的司法困境及出路——兼评《最高人民法院关于审理涉彩礼纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》  

The Judicial Dilemma and Solution of Bride Price Return from thePerspective of Marriage Purpose——Comment of the Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application ofLaw in the Trial of Cases Involving Bribery Disputes

作　　者：康琳 KANG Lin(School of Law,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,长春130012

出　　处：《甘肃理论学刊》2024年第3期79-89,共11页Gansu Theory Research

摘　　要：婚姻目的以性和爱情、抚育子女、长期稳定的共同生活为主要内容。《最高人民法院关于审理涉彩礼纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》(法释〔2024〕1号)对规则的适用范围、彩礼范围、诉讼主体资格、彩礼返还具体规则的规定均体现着“婚姻目的”。在当前我国的司法实践中,彩礼返还纠纷所面临的“禁止借婚姻索取财物”司法适用混乱、当事人未达法定婚龄情况的司法处理混乱、“共同生活”的司法认定混乱等困境,并未在法释〔2024〕1号中得到明确的回应。对此,法释〔2024〕1号在适用中应当根据给付和收受财物的行为是否具有婚姻目的的指向性来界分“彩礼”;以未达法定婚龄的当事人不可能实现婚姻目的为由,直接排除这类情形的适用;根据婚姻目的的实现情况对共同生活作出认定。The purpose of marriage is to take sex and love,raising children,long-term and stable common life as the main content.The Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Cases Involving Bribery Disputes(interpretation〔2024〕No.1)on the scope of application of the rules,the qualification of the bride price,the subject of litigation and the specific rules of the return of the bride price all reflect the“purpose of marriage”.In the current judicial practice in China,the dispute of the return of bride price is faced with the confusion of the confusion of judicial application,the failure of the parties reaching the legal marriage age,and the confusion of judicial identification of living together,which has not received a clear response in the interpretation〔2024〕No.1.In this regard,〔2024〕No.1 should divide“bride price”according to whether the act of paying and accepting property has the directivity of marriage purpose;directly exclude such cases on the ground that the parties under the legal marriage age cannot achieve the purpose of marriage;identify the common life according to the realization of the purpose of marriage.

关 键 词：彩礼返还 司法困境 婚姻目的 共同生活 婚约 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学]