铁皮石斛历史沿革及品质形成研究进展  

Research Progress on the Historical Evolution and Quality Formation of Dendrobium Officinale

作　　者：郑亚倩 曾慧婷 余炅[2] 王小青[2] 虞金宝[2] ZHENG Yaqian;ZENG Huiting;YU Jiong;WANG Xiaoqing;YU Jinbao(Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine's School of Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China;Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine's Institute of TCM,Nanchang 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学药学院,南昌330004 [2]江西省中医药研究院中药所,南昌330000

出　　处：《世界科学技术-中医药现代化》2024年第2期502-510,共9页Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology

基　　金：江西省重大科技研发专项(20203ABC28W019):中药材大品种铁皮石斛产业链关键技术研究及应用,负责人:虞金宝;江西省中医药标准化研究项目(2021A18):基于中医药理论的铁皮石斛鲜品规格等级划分标准化研究,负责人:余炅;江西省卫健委科教处课题(202311189):“江西道地药材考证研究-以‘赣十味’‘赣食十味’为例”,负责人:曾慧婷;现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：铁皮石斛素来享有“中华九大仙草之首”的美名,同时也是珍稀濒危物种之一。古今典籍所载“石斛”为石斛属植物的统称,铁皮石斛一词始见于民国,于2010年从《中国药典》“石斛”项中单列出来。铁皮石斛产地在古今典籍记载颇多,安徽、浙江、广东、江西、云南、四川等地均可作为其产区。关于其品质的评价,历代本草所载“生石上”“色金”“短而中实或细实”“茎小有节”的优质“石斛”应指“铁皮石斛”与“霍山石斛”。现代研究表明,光照、温度、湿度、内生真菌、酶和基因等为影响铁皮石斛中多糖、总生物碱、总黄酮等活性成分合成积累的主要因素。本文拟从铁皮石斛的本草考证、产地沿革、品质评价及影响其品质形成的因素等方面进行综述,以期为优化铁皮石斛现代栽培种植模式及提升铁皮石斛质量提供重要参考。Dendrobium officinale has always enjoyed the reputation of"the head of the nine immortal grasses in China",and is also one of the rare and endangered species."Dendrobium"in ancient and modern classics is the general name of Dendrobium plants.The term D.officinale first appeared in the Republic of China and was listed separately from the"Dendrobium"in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia in 2010.The origin of D.officinale is well documented in ancient and modern classics,with Anhui,Zhejiang,Guangdong,Jiangxi,Yunnan,Sichuan,and other regions being all suitable for its production.Evaluation on its quality the high-quality"Dendrobium"with"green stone","color gold","short and medium fruit or fine fruit","small and knotted stem"in the traditional Chinese medicine of all dynasties should refer to"D.officinale"and"D.huoshanense".Modern research has shown that light,temperature and humidity,endophytic fungi,enzymes,and genes are the main factors affecting the synthesis and accumulation of active components such as polysaccharides,total alkaloids,and total flavonoids in D.officinale.This article aims to provide an overview of D.officinale from the aspects of herbaceous research,origin evolution,quality evaluation,and factors affecting its quality formation,in order to provide important references for optimizing modern cultivation and planting modes of D.officinale and improving its quality.

关 键 词：铁皮石斛 历史沿革 活性成分 影响因素 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]