基于主成分分析的饲料级磷酸盐理化特性评价  

Quality evaluation of the physicochemical properties of feed grade phosphates based on principal component analysis

作　　者：廖莹 刘巍 李军国[1] 李俊[1] 杨洁 沈水宝 张玉柱 李悦伊 李春 LIAO Ying;LIU Wei;LI Junguo;LI Jun;YANG Jie;SHEN Shuibao;ZHANG Yuzhu;LI Yueyi;LI Chun(Institute of Feed Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;School of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Anyou Biotechnology Group Co.,Ltd.Suzhou 215437,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081 [2]广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁530004 [3]广西大学农牧产业发展研究院,南宁530004 [4]安佑生物科技集团股份有限公司,苏州215437

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第11期299-306,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1300300);中国农业科学院创新工程项目(IFR-ZDRW202303、CAAS-ASTIP-2023-FRI-06)。

摘　　要：该研究旨在探究不同饲料级磷酸盐理化特性指标的差异,分析其相关性,找出关键理化特性指标,并建立饲料级磷酸盐的评价体系。选取常用的5种磷酸氢钙、4种磷酸二氢钙和3种磷酸一二钙为试验材料,测定分析水分、比表面积、滑动摩擦角、休止角、松散密度、振实密度、压缩度、吸水性指数、水溶性指数及溶胀度等理化特性指标,运用主成分分析法精简理化特性指标,并计算各样品的综合得分。结果表明:1)不同饲料级磷酸盐理化特性存在一定差异,也存在不同程度的相关性。饲料级磷酸盐的休止角与比表面积呈极显著正相关(r=0.919,P<0.01);压缩度与休止角呈极显著正相关(r=0.926,P<0.01);溶胀度与吸水性指数呈极显著正相关(r=0.930,P<0.01)、与水溶性指数呈极显著负相关(r=-0.987,P<0.01)。2)运用主成分分析,提取了3个有效主成分,累积方差贡献率达到88.27%,确定休止角、比表面积、松装密度、压缩度及水溶性指数为关键的理化特性指标。饲料级磷酸盐理化特性得分排序由大到小依次为磷酸氢钙、磷酸一二钙、磷酸二氢钙,粒状磷酸盐得分较低。综合分析,从饲料级磷酸盐的理化特性考虑,为改善多元化配方的加工性能和颗粒饲料质量,可优先选用磷酸氢钙,研究为不同饲料级磷酸盐在饲料中的应用提供数据基础及参考依据。The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the physical properties of different feed grade phosphates using principal component analysis(PCA)to streamline the physical properties.The correlation between the different physical properties of different feed grade phosphates was compared;the main components that could represent the physical properties were extracted;the comprehensive score of feed grade phosphates was preliminarily determined;and the evaluation system of feed grade phosphates was established.In this experiment five commonly used dicalcium phosphates(DCP),four calcium phosphates monobasics(MCP)and three monodicalcium phosphates(MDCP)were selected as test materials.Physical characteristics such as moisture,specific surface area,sliding friction angle,angle of repose,apparent density,tapping density,compressibility,water absorption index(WAI),water solubility index(WSI)and swelling power(SP)were measured and analyzed.The PCA method was used to obtain the correlation coefficient matrix,the variance contribution analysis table,the load matrix and the eigenvector of each principal component.The comprehensive score of each sample was calculated.The results showed that:1)There were certain differences in the physical properties of different feed grade phosphates,namely,the WAI of feed grade phosphates were between 0.28-1.35;the SP were between 0.62-2.40;the WAI and SP of DCP were higher;the WAI and SP of No.11(granularity of MCP)and No.11(granularity of MDCP)were higher than those of powder;the WSI of DCP were much lower than those of MCP and MDCP;and the angle of repose of DCP were higher,both of which were greater than 40°.The specific surface area of DCP was higher,and the granularities of MCP and MDCP were lower than those of other groups.2)There is a certain correlation between the physical properties of phosphates in different feed grades.The specific surface area of feed grade phosphate was significantly and positively correlated with the angle of repose(r=0.919,P<0.01).The apparent

关 键 词：饲料 理化特性 主成分分析 饲料级磷酸盐 综合评价 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]