基于根区温度和肥料浓度耦合的草莓生长调控  

Regulating strawberry growth by combining root-zone temperature and fertilizer concentration

作　　者：樊小雪[1] 陈晓东[2] 金晶 蔡伟建[2] 王庆莲[2] 赵密珍[2] 毛晓娟 任妮[1] FAN Xiaoxue;CHEN Xiaodong;JIN Jing;CAI Weijian;WANG Qinglian;ZHAO Mizhen;MAO Xiaojuan;REN Ni(Institute of Agricultural Information,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Smart Agricultural Technology(Yangtze River Delta),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China;Institute of Pomology,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业信息研究所,农业农村部长三角智慧农业技术重点实验室,南京210014 [2]江苏省农业科学院果树研究所,江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,南京210014

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第12期109-116,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目“设施草莓水肥与环境耦合调控模型研究与应用(CX(22)5007)”。

摘　　要：为探索草莓根区加热的最适温度及施肥浓度,该研究设置3个根区温度水平(不加温(8℃)、16、22℃)和3个肥料浓度水平(0.5、1.5、2.5 g/L),共计9个处理。分析了根区温度和肥料浓度协同作用对草莓产量、品质、肥料偏生产力、水分利用率的影响。结合层次分析法和CRITIC客观赋权法,运用优劣解距离法对各处理进行基于草莓产量、品质、肥料偏生产力、水分利用率的综合评价。结果表明:1)采用根区加温对设施草莓生长有促进作用。在采摘第3茬果实时,加温到16℃和22℃的处理下可以采摘的草莓植株数量相较于不加温处理明显增加。2)肥料浓度对草莓生长综合评分的影响大于根区温度。高肥料浓度(2.5 g/L)会降低草莓产量,中肥料浓度(1.5 g/L)不仅能增加单果质量,还能提高肥料偏生产力和水分利用率,具有更好的经济效益。3)基于TOPSIS综合评价建立了设施草莓生长综合评价体系,得出评分最高的处理为T5处理(16℃,1.5 g/L)。通过寻找最优区间,结果发现根区温度在13.10~18.47℃,肥料浓度在1.43~1.87g/L时,设施草莓生长效果较好。该研究结果可为设施草莓冬季及早春的温度和肥水管理提供理论依据。This study aims to clarify the influence of various root zone temperatures and fertilizer concentrations on the strawberry growth.The parameters were collected from the Jiangsu Province from 2021 to 2023.Nine hierarchy indices were applied to conduct analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and Criteria importance using intercriteria correlation(CRITIC).A combined hierarchy of indices was closely related to strawberry growth.These indices included the firmness,sugar acid ratio,soluble solid,single fruit weight,yield,fertilizer partial productivity(PFP),and water utilization rate(WUE).Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)was also used to evaluate the comprehensive growth evaluation system for strawberry.The result showed that the root zone heating shared a positive effect on the growth of facility strawberries.There was the more significant behavior,as the heating time increased.In the first crop,the highest content of soluble solid was observed under T1 treatment.Nevertheless,the low fertilizer concentrations(0.5 g/L)led to the highest single fruit weight among all three-temperature treatments.While the high fertilizer concentrations resulted in the smallest single fruit weight.The highest PFP was observed in the T8 treatment,indicating the significantly higher than the rest.In the second crop,the highest single fruit weight was observed under the low fertilizer concentrations,whereas the lowest was found under the high fertilizer concentrations.The highest yield and PFP were achieved under the T5 treatment,which was the higher than the rest.The highest WUE was also found under T5 treatment,which was significantly higher than that under T1,T2,T3,T4,T6,and T7 treatment.There was no significant difference,compared with the T8 and T9 treatments.In the third crop,the highest yield was achieved under the T5 treatment,which was significantly higher than that under T1 and T7 treatment.As such,the better performance was found in the medium fertilizer concentration at medium temperature.The single-f

关 键 词：作物 肥料 根区温度 草莓 综合评价 生长调控 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]