天津大神堂海洋牧场人工鱼礁沉陷现状调查研究  

Investigation and study on the subsidence status of artificial fish reefs in Tianjin Dashengtang Marine Ranching

作　　者：徐晓甫 张雪 王宇[1,2] 顾中华 杨文颖 贾磊 XU Xiaofu;ZHANG Xue;WANG Yu;GU Zhonghua;YANG Wenying;JIA Lei(Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute,Tianjin 300221,China;Tianjin Marine Ranch Technology Engineering Center,Tianjin 300221,China;Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center,Tianjin 300061,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市水产研究所,天津300221 [2]天津市海洋牧场技术工程中心,天津300221 [3]天津市农业发展服务中心,天津300061

出　　处：《海洋信息技术与应用》2024年第2期72-78,共7页JOURNAL OF MARINE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION

基　　金：天津市科技重大专项与工程(18ZXRHSF00270);国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0902104);国家海水鱼产业技术体系天津综合试验站项目(CARS-47-Z01);天津市海水养殖现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(ITTMRS2023005)。

摘　　要：人工鱼礁建设可为海洋生态系统改善和渔业资源增殖做出重要贡献,但由于海床底质、水流风浪等因素影响,鱼礁礁体可能发生沉陷现象,严重影响其生态功能。本研究聚焦天津大神堂海洋牧场,基于侧扫声呐、单波束测深仪、差分式GPS、智能无人船、ArcGIS等设备和软件,对海洋牧场人工鱼礁沉陷状况进行了调查和分析,并对沉陷的影响因素进行了初步探讨。结果表明,天津大神堂海洋牧场中人工鱼礁保存现状较好,大多数礁体呈现竖置状态,平均沉陷深度为0.38 m,沉陷比例约25.43%,生态修复和渔业资源增殖功能未受重大影响;人工鱼礁沉陷情况与礁体坐底时长、海床底质密切相关。本研究采用的人工鱼礁沉陷调查方式具有较强的可行性,研究成果可为海洋牧场人工鱼礁建设的规划选址提供科学依据和技术支撑。The construction of artificial fish reefs can make important contributions to the improvement of marine ecosystems and the proliferation of fishery resources.However,due to factors such as seabed bottom quality,current,wind and waves,the fish reefs structures may experience subsidence phenomena,which severely impact their ecological functions.This study focuses on Tianjin Dashengtang Marine Ranching and investigates and analyzes the subsidence phenomena status of artificial fish reefs in the marine ranching using equipment and software such as side-scan sonar,single-beam depth sounder,differential GPS,intelligent unmanned ships,and ArcGIS,while also providing preliminary discussions on the factors influencing the subsidence.The results show that the artificial fish reefs in Tianjin Dashengtang Marine Ranching are well preserved,with the majority of the reefs are in a vertical state.The average subsidence depth is 0.38 meters,with a subsidence of approximately 25.43%.The functions of ecological restoration and fishery resource proliferation have not been significantly affected;The settlement of artificial fish reefs is closely related to the duration of reef sitting at the bottom and seabed substrate.The investigation method employed in this study for assessing the subsidence of artificial fish reefs is highly feasible and the research results can provide scientific basis and technical support for the planning and site selection of artificial fish reef construction in marine ranches.

关 键 词：侧扫声呐 单波束测深 地理信息系统 坐底时长 海床底质 

分 类 号：P714.6[天文地球—海洋科学] X834[环境科学与工程—环境工程]