中国西北地区出土汉晋帛鱼探析  

Study on Silk Fish-Shaped Ornaments of Han and Jin Dynasties Unearthed in Northwest China

作　　者：黄婷婷 魏文斌[2] Huang Tingting;Wei Wenbin

机构地区：[1]兰州大学敦煌学研究所 [2]兰州大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《农业考古》2024年第3期29-36,共8页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“考古实证中华民族共同体形成与发展:吐鲁番出土晋唐墓俑与彩绘陶研究”(项目编号:23VXJ014)。

摘　　要：敦煌与塔里木盆地的汉晋烽燧、墓葬遗址中出土了多件帛鱼。根据共出物品可以判定帛鱼是汉文化产物,其在中国西北地区流行与中原王朝经略西域有关,当地食鱼的习俗则是内地鱼文化西传的现实依托。结合汉文化中鱼的意象和中国西北地区的文化背景,帛鱼可能具有祈求生育、符瑞、辅助升仙等功能。塔里木盆地出土帛鱼均来自较高等级墓葬,彰显了西域族群对中华文化的深刻认同,也以考古实物证明了西域自汉以来即为中华民族共同体的重要组成部分。A number of silk fish-shaped ornaments have been unearthed from the beacon towers and tombs sites of the Han and Jin dynasties in Dunhuang and Tarim Basin.Based on other ancient objects from the same site,it can be concluded that the silk fish-shaped ornaments was a product of the Han culture.Its popularity in the northwest was related to the Central Plain Dynasty's exploration of the western regions.The western spread of Central Plain's fish culture relied on the local custom of eating fish.Combined with the image of fish in Han culture and the cultural background of northwest China,the silk fish-shaped ornaments might have the functions of praying for fertility,auspicious omen and ceremony of assisting in ascension.The silk fishshaped ornaments unearthed in the Tarim Basin are all from higher-level tombs,showing the deep recognition of the Chinese culture by the ethnic groups in the western regions.The archaeological evidence also proves that the western regions had been an important part of the Chinese ethnic community since the Han dynasty.

关 键 词：帛鱼 鱼文化 塔里木盆地考古 马圈湾汉代烽燧 

分 类 号：K875[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]