数智化时代老年人社会参与的挑战与应对策略——基于MOA理论的实证研究  

Challenges and Tactics for Social Participation of Elderly People in the Age of Digital Intelligence:Empirical Study Based on the MOA Theory

作　　者：左美云[1,2] 苑心怡 么东 ZUO Meiyun;YUAN Xinyi;YAO Dong

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学信息学院 [2]中国人民大学智慧养老研究所,北京100872 [3]中国移动通信研究院用户与市场研究所,北京100053

出　　处：《决策与信息》2024年第7期15-24,共10页Decision & Information

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD328);北京市社会科学基金规划项目重点项目(22SRA002);中国移动研究院联合研发项目。

摘　　要：随着积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的实施,养老观念正发生转变,从传统单纯地为老年人生活提供支持,逐步转向鼓励老年人继续参与社会活动,即进行积极的社会参与。数智化技术既给老年人积极社会参与带来更多的机遇,也是未来老年人社会参与的必由之路。基于MOA理论对20位老年人开展为期14天的日记研究,结果表明,数智化技术确实为老年人带来了更多社会参与的机会,但也造成老年人在社会参与时面临“想参与但无从参与”“有机会但参与困难”与“参与但获得感不强”三大挑战。要改善这一现状,首先,要完善制度设计,通过出台老年人社会参与统一平台建设、技术赋能老年社会参与的相关政策,保障参与环境;其次,要建设统一平台,构建包含老年人、养老服务机构(企业)和医疗(健康)服务机构等不同主体共同聚合的生态系统,保障老年人的社会参与机会;再次,推动技术赋能,在做好高频应用适老化改造的基础上,加强对智能化功能的建设,对技术使用的门槛做减法,为技术应用形式做加法;最后,要积极鼓励和推广以志愿服务、银发网红、再就业等为代表形式的“老有所为”活动,支持老年人继续发挥余热,使晚年生活更充实、更有意义。With the implementation of the national strategy to actively respond to the aging of the population,the concept of providing for the aged is changing,from simply providing support for the lives of the elderly to gradually encouraging the elderly to continue to participate in social activities,that is,to actively participate in social activities.Digital intelligence technology not only brings more opportunities for the elderly to actively participate in society,but also is the only way for the elderly to participate in society in the future.Based on the MOA theory,a 14 day diary study of 20 elderly people was carried out.The results showed that digital intelligence technology did bring more opportunities for the elderly to participate in society,but it also caused the elderly to face three major challenges in social participation:"want to participate but can't participate","have the opportunity but have difficulty participating"and"participate but have a weak sense of access".To improve this situation,first of all,we should improve the system design,and ensure the participation environment through the introduction of a unified platform for social participation of the elderly and relevant policies to support technology enabled social participation of the elderly;Secondly,we should build a unified platform to build an ecosystem that includes the elderly,pension service institutions(enterprises)and medical(health)service institutions and other different subjects,so as to ensure the social participation opportunities of the elderly;Thirdly,we should promote technology empowerment,strengthen the construction of intelligent functions,subtract the threshold of technology use,and add the forms of technology application on the basis of doing well in the aging transformation of high-frequency applications;Finally,we should actively encourage and promote the activities of"having something for the elderly"in the form of voluntary service,silver haired online celebrity,re-employment and so on,and support the elderly to continu

关 键 词：人口老龄化 老年人社会参与 智慧养老 社会养老服务 银发经济 数智化技术 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理] C931.6[社会学]