松嫩盐碱退化草地土壤理化性质及离子变化规律分析  

Analysis of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Ion Variation Rule of Saline-alkali Degraded Grassland in Songnen

作　　者：韦银珠 李家红 孙雪铜 刘杰淋[2] 肖汇川 李浩天 付楚涵 宋雪 张强[2] 秦立刚[1] WEI Yin-zhu;LI Jia-hong;SUN Xue-tong;LIU Jie-lin;XIAO Hui-chuan;LI Hao-tian;FU Chu-han;SONG Xue;ZHANG Qiang;QIN Li-gang(College of Animal Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang Province 150000,China;Institute of Forage and Grassland Science,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang Province 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第6期1702-1709,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32271770);黑龙江省优秀青年基金(YQ2023C013);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)资助。

摘　　要：为了解不同盐碱退化状态下土壤理化性质和土壤离子的变化,本研究以松嫩温性草甸草地为研究对象,比较了未退化、轻度、中度和重度盐碱退化草地下土壤离子和土壤理化性质,分析盐碱退化过程中土壤理化性质、离子变化规律及其相互关系。结果表明:土壤K^(+)、Na^(+)、Mg^(2^+)、Ca ^(2+)、Cl^(-)、HCO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、CO_(3)^( 2-)随盐碱程度加重显著增加,阳离子交换量显著下降(P<0.05)。随着盐碱程度变化,土壤电导率、pH、全钾显著增加,土壤全氮、碱解氮显著下降(P<0.05)。与未退化土壤相比,轻度和中度盐碱草地土壤含水量显著上升(P<0.05),速效磷含量显著降低(P<0.05);重度退化盐碱草地速效磷含量显著上升(P<0.05)。土壤TN、AN、AP、K^(+)与盐碱化程度之间存在显著的相关性。未退化草地土壤AN、TN含量较高,而重度退化草地AP、K^(+)含量较高。本研究为松嫩盐碱退化草地修复措施的合理选择提供依据。In order to understand the changes of soil physicochemical properties and soil ions under different saline degradation states,this study took the grassland of Songnen temperate meadow as the research object,compared the soil ions and soil physicochemical properties under the non-saline-alkali,light,moderate and heavy saline degradation grassland,and analyzed the changing rules of soil physicochemical properties and ions and their interrelationships in the process of saline degradation.The results shows that soil K^(+),Na^(+),Mg^(2+),Ca^(2+),Cl^(-),HCO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),CO_(3)^(2-)increased significantly with the increase of salinity(P<0.05),and cation exchange capacity decreased significantly(P<0.05).With the change of salinity,soil conductivity,pH and total potassium increased significantly,while soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with non-degraded grassland soil,the soil water content of light and moderate saline-alkali grassland increased significantly(P<0.05),and the available phosphorus content decreased significantly.The content of available phosphorus in heavily degraded saline-alkali grassland increased significantly(P<0.05),Soil TN,AN,AP,K^(+)showed a significant correlation with the degree of salinization.Soil AN and TN contents were higher in non-degraded grassland,while AP and K^(+)contents were higher in heavily degraded grassland.This study provides a basis for the rational selection of restoration measures for saline degraded grassland in Songnen Plain.

关 键 词：松嫩草地 盐碱化 土壤理化性质 土壤离子 

分 类 号：S156.44[农业科学—土壤学]