羊尿氮对苜蓿和高羊茅混播草地生物量和氮利用的影响  

Effects of Sheep Urine Nitrogen on Biomass and Nitrogen Utilization in Alfalfa and Tall Fescue Mixed Grassland

作　　者：代先林 马晓颖 仝宗永[1] 王瑜[1] 李向林[1] 柴旭旭 何峰[1] DAI Xian-lin;MA Xiao-ying;TONG Zong-yong;WANG Yu;LI Xiang-lin;CHAI Xu-xu;HE Feng(Institute of Animal Science of CAAS,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第6期1864-1871,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“苜蓿混播草地氮转换、吸收和生物固氮过程对添加羊粪尿响应的微生物调控机制”(32071880);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“混播草地草畜配置与可持续利用关键技术研发与集成示范”(2021GG0225);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(项目编号:2023-YWF-ZYSQ-06);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)资助。

摘　　要：为探究苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)和高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)混播草地在放牧过程中对羊尿中氮的吸收规律,试验设置了苜蓿单播、高羊茅单播和苜蓿+高羊茅混播3种草地类型,以及是否施用羊尿2种模式,相互组合共计6个处理,研究了稳定性同位素15N标记的模拟绵羊尿施入对不同处理地上地下生物量、羊尿氮回收率、生物固氮率与氮转移的变化规律。结果表明:混播地上生物量显著高于单播高羊茅,与不施入羊尿相比,施入羊尿显著提高了混播和高羊茅单播的地上生物量,提高了苜蓿和高羊茅的单株氮素累积量;施入羊尿后,苜蓿的生物固氮效率降低;不施用羊尿处理有9.42%的氮从苜蓿转移到高羊茅中,施入羊尿处理没有发现氮转移现象;混播下羊尿中氮的回收率显著高于苜蓿和高羊茅单播,且混播中高羊茅对羊尿中氮回收率显著高于苜蓿。苜蓿混播草地放牧利用能够兼顾高效生产和环境保护,是一种可持续的草地利用方式。To investigate the utilization of nitrogen in sheep urine in alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)and tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)mixed grassland,the experiment set up three kinds of grassland types:alfalfa mono-sowing,tall fescue mono-sowing and alfalfa+tall fescue mixed sowing,and two types of sheep urine:addition or not,and combined into a total of 6 treatments.The changes of above-ground biomass,nitrogen recovery rate,biological nitrogen fixation rate and nitrogen transfer of sheep urine with stable isotope 15 N labeling were studied.The results showed that the above-ground biomass of mixed sowing was significantly higher than that of single sowing tall fescue,the above-ground biomass of mixed sowing and single sowing tall fescue was significantly increased after adding sheep urine,and the nitrogen accumulation per plantlet for alfalfa and tall fescue was increased by sheep urine.The biological nitrogen fixation efficiency of alfalfa decreased after the application of sheep urine.9.42%of nitrogen was transferred from alfalfa to tall fescue without sheep urine,but no nitrogen was transferred between two plants when sheep urine was applied.The recovery rate of sheep urine nitrogen in mixed sowing was significantly higher than that of alfalfa and tall fescue mono sowing,and the recovery rate of sheep urine nitrogen in mixed sowing was significantly higher than that of alfalfa.Mixed sowing grassland grazing utilization could be beneficial to the high efficiency production and environmental protection,is a sustainable grassland utilization mode.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿+高羊茅混播 羊尿氮 稳定性同位素 氮利用 

分 类 号：S963.223.3[农业科学—水产养殖]