盐碱胁迫对牛至种子萌发和幼苗生理生化特性的影响  

Effects of Saline-Alkali Stresses on Seed Germination and Seedling Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Origanum vulgare

作　　者：于婵 张依琳 李秋莹 周艳[1] 李贺敏[1] 夏至[1] 黄勇[1] YU Chan;ZHANG Yi-lin;LI Qiu-ying;ZHOU Yan;LI He-min;XIA Zhi;HUANG Yong(Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450018,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学,河南郑州450018

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第6期1882-1892,共11页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：2023年度河南省重点研发专项(231111110900)资助。

摘　　要：以牛至(Origanum vulgare L.)种子为试验材料,研究盐(25,50,75,100,125 mmol·L^(-1)):碱(25,50,75,100,125 mmol·L^(-1))胁迫对牛至种子萌发特性和幼苗生长的影响,为牛至种子育苗和栽培提供依据。结果表明:随着盐碱胁迫浓度升高,牛至种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数逐渐降低;牛至幼苗中丙二醛含量升高,脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量升高,可溶性糖的含量先升高后降低;超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismulase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(Peroxidase,POD)、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活性均为先升高后降低,SOD,CAT活性盐碱浓度均在75 mmol·L^(-1)时达到最大。碱胁迫对牛至种子及幼苗的相对盐害程度大于盐胁迫,在25 mmol·L^(-1)浓度下,碱胁迫对牛至种子的相对盐害率是盐胁迫的2.8倍。综上,盐碱胁迫显著影响牛至种子萌发和幼苗生长,牛至种子萌发和幼苗生长对碱胁迫更为敏感,建议牛至种子盐碱育苗时应选择盐碱度较低的土地(盐浓度<50 mmol·L^(-1)_、碱浓度<25 mmol·L^(-1))。The seed of Origanum vulgare L.was used as test materials to investigate the effects of salt(25,50,75,100,125 mmol·L^(-1))and alkali(25,50,75,100,125 mmol·L^(-1))stress on the germination characteristics of O.vulgare seed and seedling growth.It provides the basis for the breeding and cultivation of O.vulgare seed.The results showed that the germination rate,germination potential,germination index and vitality index of O.vulgare seed gradually decreased with the increase of salt and alkali stress concentration.In O.vulgare seedsling,the content of malondialdehyde increased,the content of proline and soluble proteins increased,and the content of soluble sugars firstly increased and then decreased.The activities of Superoxide dismutase(SOD),Peroxidase(POD),and Catalase(CAT)increased first and then decreased,SOD and CAT activities reached the maximum at 75 mmol·L^(-1)for both salt and alkali concentrations.The relative salt damage of alkali stress on O.vulgare seed and seedling was greater than salt stress,and the relative salt damage rate of alkali stress on O.vulgare seed were 2.8 times higher than salt stress at 25 mmol·L^(-1)concentration.In conclusion,saline and alkaline stress significantly affected seed germination and seedling growth of O.vulgare,and the seeds germination and seedling growth of O.vulgare were more sensitive to alkaline stress,so it suggested that soil with low salinity and alkali(salt concentration<50 mmol·L^(-1),alkali concentration<25 mmol·L^(-1))should be used for cultivation of O.vulgare seed.

关 键 词：牛至 盐碱胁迫 种子萌发 生理指标 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]