青贮压实的影响因素与技术策略  

Influencing Factors and Technical Strategies of Silage Compaction

作　　者：严旭[1,2] 左艳春[1,2] 王红林 吴子周 李杨 王强锋[4] 杜周和[1,2] YAN Xu;ZUO Yan-chun;WANG Hong-lin;WU Zi-zhou;LI Yang;WANG Qiang-feng;DU Zhou-he(Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong,Sichuan Province 637000,China;Forage Crops Germplasm Innovation and Production Management Key Laboratory of Nanchong City,Sericulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong,Sichuan Province 637000,China;School of Urban-Rural Planning and Construction,Mianyang Teachers’College,Mianyang,Sichuan Province 621000,China;Institute of Biotechnology and Nucleic Technology,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院特种经济动植物研究所,四川南充637000 [2]四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所/饲用作物种质创新与利用南充市重点实验室,四川南充637000 [3]绵阳师范学院城乡建设与规划学院,四川绵阳621000 [4]四川省农业科学院生物技术与核技术研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第6期1974-1985,共12页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：四川省财政自主创新专项(2022ZZCX086);四川省农业科学院“1+9”揭榜挂帅科技攻关项目“综合种养核心技术及智能农机装备研发”(No.1+9KJGG008);南充市应用基础研究项目(23YYJCYJ0048);南充市重大科技专项(2022ZDKJZX0001)资助。

摘　　要：青贮压实是青贮生产中的关键一环。通过影响青贮饲料中固液气三相比例,直接影响青贮饲料的最终质量。充分压实不仅有利于乳酸菌发酵的快速启动,减少原料储存空间,也为后续青贮饲喂面管理奠定基础。本文简述了青贮压实的原理及压实程度(青贮密度)的评价方法;概述了决定青贮密度的影响因素,包括贮存设施、作物特征和压实机械等3个层面;总结了当前提高青贮密度的技术策略,以期为生产中青贮压实的有效实施提供技术参考;并展望了青贮压实技术未来的发展方向。Silage compaction is a crucial step in silage production,and it directly impacts the quality of the silage.Proper compaction not only promotes the rapid onset of lactic acid bacteria fermentation but also establishes a strong foundation for managing the subsequent silage face.This paper briefly described the principle of silage compaction and the method for evaluating compaction(silage density).The factors influencing silage density were analyzed,including the characteristics of the silo and raw materials,as well as the compaction equipment.Eventually,we summarized the latest technical strategies for enhancing silage density to serve as a reference for implementing compaction technology in silage production.

关 键 词：青贮 孔隙度 压实 填充密度 体积密度 青贮密度 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]