多层结构聚合物基复合电介质材料储能特性研究进展  

Research Progress in Dielectric Energy Storage of Polymer-based Composite Materials with Multilayer Structure

作　　者：查俊伟[1] 赵文帅 黄文杰 肖梦雨 ZHA Junwei;ZHAO Wenshuai;HUANG Wenjie;XIAO Mengyu(School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第6期2297-2308,共12页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52277022)。

摘　　要：聚合物电介质材料由于其成本低、击穿强度高、可靠性高等优点被广泛用于电力系统。但是聚合物电介质材料放电能量密度较低,难以满足新一代小型化电容器的需求,多层结构具有能够协同提升介电常数和击穿强度的优势,解决聚合物电介质介电常数与击穿强度之间的矛盾问题,实现具有优异储能特性的聚合物基电介质材料。文中综述了近年来多层结构聚合物基复合材料的研究进展,分析了多层结构中的极化与击穿现象,并详细讨论了聚合物基多层结构和无机层与聚合物基层结合的多层结构设计,归纳了一些能够提升多层结构聚合物基复合材料储能的方法。例如通过增加界面、优化多层结构中的填料分布以及构建过渡层的方法来提升储能特性。最后,对近年来多层结构聚合物基复合材料的进展进行了总结,并提出了未来的发展方向以及需要解决的关键问题。Polymer dielectric materials are widely used in power systems due to their low cost,high breakdown strength and high reliability.However,polymer dielectric materials have relatively low discharge energy density,making it difficult to meet the requirements of next-generation miniaturized capacitors.Multilayer structures show the advantage of synergistically improving the dielectric permittivity and breakdown strength,thus solving the contradiction between the dielectric permittivity and breakdown strength of polymer dielectric materials,and achieving polymer-based dielectric materials with excellent energy storage performance.This article reviews the progress in researching polymer-based composite materials with multilayer structures in recent years,analyzes the polarization and breakdown phenomena in multilayer structures,discusses in detail the design of polymer-based multilayer structures and multilayer structures combining inorganic layers with polymer-based layers,and summarizes some methods that can enhance the energy storage of multilayer structure polymer-based composite materials.For example,energy storage properties are enhanced by adding interfaces,optimizing filler distribution in multilayer structures and building transition layers.Finally,the progress of polymer-based composite materials with multilayer structures in recent years is summarized,and future development and issues to be addressed are proposed.

关 键 词：电介质 介电储能 小型化电容器 多层结构 聚合物基复合材料 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TM53[电气工程—电器]