耐高温聚合物基储能电介质材料的研究进展  

Research Progress of High-temperature Resistance Polymer-based Energy Storage Dielectric Materials

作　　者：张志成[1] 张美荣[1,2] ZHANG Zhicheng;ZHANG Meirong(School of Chemistry,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学化学学院,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学第二附属医院,西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第6期2309-2318,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(92066204,92166205,52073225,52003214)。

摘　　要：聚合物基电介质材料因其击穿强度高、加工性能优异和成本低廉等优点而被广泛应用于金属化薄膜电容器。目前使用最普遍的储能电介质材料为双向拉伸聚丙烯,但是其存在放电能量密度低、耐温性能差等缺陷,已经无法满足现代电力电子系统微型化和集成化的发展要求。因此提高聚合物基电介质材料的储能密度和耐高温性能是储能电介质材料领域的主要挑战。该文综述了近年来新型耐高温聚合物基电介质材料在介电储能领域中的应用进展。首先,介绍了电介质材料的充放电原理,以及决定电介质材料储能密度的关键物理参数;其次,从高玻璃化转变温度、交联作用、电荷陷阱引入及带隙调控3个方面分类介绍了聚合物基耐高温储能电介质的最新研究进展;最后,对耐高温聚合物基储能电介质的发展进行了总结与展望。Polymer-based dielectrics are widely used in metalized film capacitors because of their high breakdown strength,excellent processability,and low cost.Nowadays the most commonly used energy storage dielectric material is biaxially oriented polypropylene(BOPP),which has defects such as low discharged energy density and large dielectric losses at high temperatures.Therefore,improving the performance of energy storage density and high-temperature resistance of polymer-based dielectric materials is an important issue in the field of dielectric energy storage.This paper reviews the application progress of new polymer-based dielectric materials in the field of high-temperature dielectric energy storage in recent years.Firstly,the charging and discharging principle of dielectric materials and the key parameters that determine the energy storage density of dielectric materials are introduced.Then,the latest research progress of high-temperature resistance dielectrics is reviewed from three aspects:dielectrics with high glass transition temperature,crosslinking dielectrics,and dielectrics with charge traps.Finally,the prospects in development direction of polymer-based high-temperature resistance dielectrics are concluded.

关 键 词：聚合物基电介质 储能密度 放电效率 介电损耗 耐高温 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]