GIS三工位开关典型机械缺陷的特征量差异分析及辨识方法  

Characteristic Difference Analysis and Identification Method of Typical Mechanical Defects for GIS Three-position Switches

作　　者：郝建 刘清松 彭华东 钟尧 甲宗庆 宋其宝 HAO Jian;LIU Qingsong;PENG Huadong;ZHONG Yao;JIA Zongqing;SONG Qibao(State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology,School of Electrical Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Electric Power Science Research Institute of State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company,Chongqing 401120,China;Electric Power Science Research Institute of Guizhou Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,China;Shandong Taikai High Voltage Switchgear Co.,Ltd.,Taian 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]输变电装备技术全国重点实验室(重庆大学电气工程学院),重庆400044 [2]国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院,重庆401120 [3]贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵阳550002 [4]山东泰开高压开关有限公司,泰安271000

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第6期2567-2579,共13页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2403705);重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1247)。

摘　　要：近年来气体绝缘金属封闭开关(gas insulated switchgear,GIS)三工位开关行程不到位机械缺陷导致的设备运行故障案例频发,为提升GIS三工位开关行程不到位机械缺陷检测及运维水平,首先采用126kV全真型三工位开关试验平台设置机构卡涩、传动失耦和电机堵转三种典型机械缺陷,试验获得正常状态和3种典型机械缺陷情况下三工位开关分合闸动作过程中的电机电流、角位移行程和振动信号;然后,开展3种典型缺陷情况下“电流-机械”特征参量的提取及差异分析;最后,采用随机森林算法研究构建GIS三工位开关典型机械缺陷诊断模型,并验证其有效性。结果表明:单一的电机电流、角位移行程或振动信号图谱特性无法有效区分不同类型的机械缺陷,而采用“电流-机械”融合特征参量对3种典型机械缺陷的区分效果显著,基于“电流-机械”融合特征参量构建的GIS三工位开关机械缺陷随机森林诊断模型实现了对机构卡涩、传动失耦和电机堵转3种机械缺陷可靠诊断,为工程实际提升GIS三工位开关安全运行水平提供了技术参考。In recent years,frequent equipment failures have been observed in GIS three-position switches due to inadequate mechanical movement.In order to enhance the detection and maintenance capabilities for mechanical defects causing the incomplete movement of GIS three-position switches,in this paper,a 126 kV fully-functional three-position switch test platform was firstly utilized to simulate three typical mechanical defects,namely,mechanism sticking,transmission decoupling,and motor stalling.The motor currents,angular displacement trajectories,and vibration signals were experimentally collected during the opening and closing actions of the three-position switch under normal conditions and with the three typical mechanical defects.Subsequently,the“current-mechanical”characteristic parameters under the three types of defects were extracted and analyzed.Finally,the random forest algorithm was employed to construct a diagnostic model for typical mechanical defects in GIS three-position switches and validates its effectiveness.The results indicate that individual characteristics such as motor current,angular displacement,or vibration signal patterns alone are insufficient for effectively distinguishing different types of mechanical defects.However,the“current-mechanical”fusion feature parameter demonstrates significant effectiveness in distinguishing the three typical mechanical defects.The random forest diagnostic model,based on the“current-mechanical”fusion feature parameter,can reliably diagnose mechanism sticking,transmission decoupling,and motor stalling.The result can provide a technical reference for improving the safety operation of GIS three-position switches in practical engineering applications.

关 键 词：GIS三工位开关 机械缺陷 电机电流 角位移行程 振动信号 

分 类 号：TM595[电气工程—电器]