断路器碳陶瓷合闸电阻能量耐受及失效特性  

Energy Tolerance and Failure Characteristics of Carbon-ceramic Closing Resistor for Circuit Breaker

作　　者：孙晋茹 戴辉翔 陈维 崔博源 杨飞[1] 姚学玲[1] SUN Jinru;DAI Huixiang;CHEN Wei;CUI Boyuan;YANG Fei;YAO Xueling(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室,西安710049 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第6期2590-2600,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2403600)。

摘　　要：合闸电阻在大能量注入下的热电耐受及性能稳定是超/特高压交流系统断路器安全稳定运行的关键因素。为此通过开展合闸电阻模拟能量注入实验,并建立碳陶瓷复合材料微观结构热电耦合仿真模型,研究碳陶瓷电阻在不同强度能量注入下的材料温升、动态导电、性能劣化及结构破坏行为,分析碳陶瓷合闸电阻的能量耐受及失效机理。研究发现,碳陶瓷电阻具有随温度变化的动态导电特性,导通电阻及恢复电阻随能量注入强度的增加而减小;在大能量注入下,碳陶瓷电阻劣化及损伤模式包含恢复电阻下降、侧面绝缘击穿及电阻体碎裂。根据大能量注入下电阻内部多物理场分布仿真结果,结合碳陶瓷复合材料微观结构观察及电接触导电机制分析,揭示来源于碳陶瓷电阻内部电流密度、温度及热应力不均匀分布的性能劣化及结构破坏电热正反馈物理机制。The thermoelectric endurance and performance stability of the closing resistor under high energy injection are critical factors for the safe and stable operation of EHVAC/UHVAC circuit breakers.In this study,the energy injection experiment of closing resistor was carried out,and the thermoelectric coupling simulation model of carbon-ceramic composites microstructure was established.The material temperature-rise characteristic,dynamic conductivity,performance deterioration and structural destruction behavior of carbon-ceramic resistor under different intensity energy injection were studied,aiming to analyze the energy tolerance and failure mechanism of carbon-ceramic closing resistor.Results show that the carbon-ceramic resistor exhibits dynamic conductivity varying with temperature,and both the conducting resistance and recovery resistance decrease with the increase of energy injection intensity.Under high energy injection,the deterioration and damage modes of carbon-ceramic resistor include the decrease of recovery resistance,lateral insulation breakdown,and resistor fragmentation.According to the simulation results of multi-physical field distribution inside the resistor under high energy injection,combined with the microstructure of carbon-ceramic composites,and the electrical contact conduction mechanism,the performance deterioration and structural destruction electrothermal positive feedback physical mechanism derived from the uneven distribution of current density,temperature and thermal stress inside the carbon-ceramic resistor are revealed.

关 键 词：断路器合闸电阻 碳陶瓷复合材料 能量耐受 动态导电 温升特性 劣化机制 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]