新疆东天山康古尔一带金矿地质特征及成矿机制  

Geological characteristics and ore-forming mechanism of Au deposits in Kanggur area,East Tianshan mountainous district,Xinjiang Autonomous Region

作　　者：郎学聪 韩效斌 支元栋 李沛龙 王勇[1] 吴堑红 LANG Xuecong;HAN Xiaobin;ZHI Yuandong;LI Peilong;WANG Yong;WU Qianhong(Third Geological Survey Institute of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Taiyuan 030032,Shanxi,China;Central South University,Changsha 410012,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国冶金地质总局第三地质勘查院,太原030032 [2]中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,长沙410012

出　　处：《地质找矿论丛》2024年第2期177-185,共9页Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research

摘　　要：新疆康古尔一带的金矿床位于塔里木板块北缘的东天山秋格明塔什—黄山韧性剪切带南缘,是新疆的重要金成矿区。二叠纪早中期,在SN向推覆韧性剪切和右行走滑韧-脆性剪切基础上,地壳快速抬升在韧性变形构造上叠加脆性破裂,一系列张性断裂成为主要容矿构造;同构造期侵位的中酸性浅成斑岩体(如石英斑岩)提供了充足的成矿热源和部分水源及成矿物质来源;康古尔一带金矿矿化型式各不相同,既有产于构造破碎带中的蚀变岩型金矿、石英脉金矿,也有产于火山角砾岩筒中的脉状金矿,还有产于斑岩体边缘或产于岩体内部的斑岩型金矿;但成矿流体的物理化学特征均具中低温、低盐度、中低压力的特点;金矿的形成分为2个热液成矿阶段,其中晚期阶段是金的主要形成阶段。本文对该区金的成矿物理化学环境进行了讨论,并总结了成矿机制,认为康古尔一带金矿形成于统一的岩浆热液成矿系统,成矿作用与区域构造的脆性构造活动同步发生,金矿成矿时段大致在二叠纪晚期(263 Ma—243 Ma);下一步找矿工作应在有利的物化探异常中预测和寻找不同地质产状的中低温浅成热液型金矿。The Kanggur area of Xinjiang Autonomous Region is an important gold ore area with Au deposits occurring in the southern margin of Qiugmingtash-Huangshan ductile shear zone in the eastern Tianshan Mountains on the northern margin of the Tarim Plate.In the early and middle Permian period rapid uplift of the crust took place on the basis of SN thrust ductile shearing and right hand strike slip ductile-brittle shearing resulting in superimposition of brittle fracture on the former ductile deformation structure and a series of Au ore-hosting tensile faults.The syn-tectonic emplacement of intermediate-acid shallow porphyry(such as quartz porphyry) provided sufficient source of ore-forming heat and part of water and ore-forming materials.Au deposits in Kanggur area are varied in Au mineralization types,such as altered rock and quartz vein types in tectonic fracture zone,vein type in volcanic breccia pipe,and porphyry type at the margin and interior of the porphyry.However,the ore-forming fluids are all the same characterized physically and chemically by low temperature,low salinity and low pressure.The ore-forming process can be divided into two hydrothermal mineralization stages and the late stage dominant.Discussion of physical and chemical environment of the mineralization is made and metallogenic mechanism summarized in the paper.Au deposits in the area was formed in a unified magmatic hydrothermal system,and the mineralization occurred synchronously with the brittle tectonic activity of the regional structure roughly in the late Permian period(263 Ma-243 Ma).Further prospecting should be focused on favorable geophysical and geochemical anomalies to search for meso-epithermal gold deposits with different geological occurrences.

关 键 词：金矿床 斑岩体 中低温岩浆热液 地质特征 成矿机制 康古尔地区 东天山 新疆 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学]