考虑深井井下动力钻具影响的钻柱粘滑振动规律  

Stick-slip vibration law of drill strings under the influence of mud motors in deep wells

作　　者：石祥超[1] 焦烨 刘景涛 王兆巍 陈帅[1] SHI Xiangchao;JIAO Ye;LIU Jingtao;WANG Zhaowei;CHEN Shuai(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation//Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Company,Urumqi,Xinjiang 841699,China)

机构地区：[1]油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室•西南石油大学 [2]中国石化西北油田分公司

出　　处：《天然气工业》2024年第6期87-97,共11页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石油—西南石油大学创新联合体项目“深井超深井安全高效建井关键基础理论与技术研究”(编号:2020CX040100)。

摘　　要：油气勘探开发统计数据显示,深井钻井过程中粘滑振动频发,占钻进时长的50%以上,严重影响了钻井井下安全,延长了钻井周期,增加了钻井成本。由于深井钻柱结构较为复杂,井下动力钻具应用普遍,但动力钻具对井底钻头粘滑振动的影响规律缺乏深入研究,目前尚未有学者提出深井动力钻具下的钻柱全尺寸动力学模型。为此,基于弹簧集中质量原理,建立了包含井下动力钻具的粘滑振动仿真模型和螺杆钻具输出参数的计算模型,研究了螺杆钻具、扭力冲击器及两种工具复合使用对钻头粘滑振动的影响,并基于模型分析了现场实钻案例。研究结果表明:(1)使用螺杆钻具复合钻进时,转盘转速与螺杆转速对粘滑振动影响较大,复合转速越大,越有利于消除粘滑振动;(2)钻压和钻头尺寸越大,需要消除粘滑振动的转速就越大;(3)在保证水力参数的情况下,螺杆输出较高的扭矩和转速,能够有效地抑制钻头粘滑;(4)扭力冲击器和螺杆钻具复合使用情况下,当螺杆钻具的输出参数不足以抑制粘滑振动时,提高扭力冲击器的冲击扭矩和冲击频率,可降低螺杆钻具的临界转速,抑制井底粘滑振动。结论认为,该动力学模型可以为深井合理使用动力钻具、避免粘滑振动和提高机械钻速提供有效的技术支撑,该理论新认识在指导钻井现场钻进,提高钻井效率和降低钻井成本等方面具有重要的现实意义。According to the statistical data of oil and gas exploration and development,stick-slip vibration frequently occurs during deep well drilling,accounting for more than 50%of the drilling time,seriously affecting the downhole drilling safety,prolonging the drilling cycle and increasing the drilling costs.Due to the complex structure of deep well drill strings,mud motors are widely used,but there is a lack of in-depth research on the impact of them on the stick-slip vibration of bottomhole bits,and no scholar has proposed a fullscale dynamic model for drill string under the influence of mud motors in deep wells.In this paper,based on the lumped mass principle of spring,a stick-slip vibration simulation model including mud motor and an output parameter calculation model of the PDM(positive displacement motor)are built to study the influence of PDM,torsional impactor and their combination on the stick-slip vibration of bit.Moreover,field drilling cases are analyzed based on the models.The results show that when a PDM is used to conduct combined drilling,the rotation speeds of the rotary table and the PDM have a significant influence on the stick-slip vibration:the higher the composite rotation speed,the more favorable it is to eliminate stick-slip vibration;the larger the WOB and bit size,the higher the rotation speed required to eliminate stick-slip vibration.Under the condition that hydraulic parameters are guaranteed,the higher torque and rotation speed of PDM can effectively suppress the stick slip of bit.Under the condition that the torsional impactor and the PDM are used in combination,when the output parameters of the PDM are insufficient to suppress stick-slip vibration,the increase of the impact torque and frequency of the torsional impactor can reduce the critical speed of the PDM and suppress bottomhole stick-slip vibration.It is concluded that the dynamic model can provide effective technical support for the rational use of mud motors,avoiding stick-slip vibration and improving the rate of penetration in d

关 键 词：深井 钻柱振动 粘滑振动 动力学 井下动力钻具 顺北区块 螺杆钻具 扭力冲击器 

分 类 号：TE242[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]