医药分业:近代药界的身份建构与医药关系  

From Unity to Divergence:Forging Pharmacy's Identity Amidst Its Complex Interplay with Medicine in Modern China

作　　者：李彦昌[1] Li Yanchang

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学人文学院

出　　处：《近代史研究》2024年第3期112-129,M0005,M0006,共20页Modern Chinese History Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“中国抗生素药物社会史研究(1941-1978)”(19YJC770022)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：近代以来,西医药传入中国,不仅引发医药的中西之争,还引起医与药关系的重构.随着药界的壮大与觉醒,医药分业在知识、学科、职业、制度等多领域展开,逐渐成为药界竞争知识资本、文化资本、经济资本与政治资本的手段与路径,并推动了药物科学化、药科建制化、药界职业化、药政制度化的进程,促进了药界的自我意识觉醒和身份建构、制度建设.但是,医药分业是各种因素综合导致的结果,并不必然促进药学转型、药科发展、药业振兴和药制进步.The introduction of Western medicine into modern China sparked debates not only between Chinese and Western medical practices but also prompted a fundamental reshaping of the relationship between medicine and pharmacy.As the pharmaceutical industry expanded and matured,a clear divergence between medicine and pharmacy emerged in terms of knowledge,discipline,profession,and institutional structure.As a result,the pharmaceutical industry vied with the medical community for knowledge,social influence,economic resources,and political power.This competition drove advancements in materia medica,the establishment of pharmacy as an independent discipline,the professionalization of pharmacy practice,and the institutionalization of pharmaceutical governance.This process also fostered a heightened sense of identity and institutional progress within the Western pharmacy discipline.However,the separation of pharmacy from medicine was influenced by a multitude of factors and did not uniformly result in the transformation of materia medica,the advancement of pharmacy as a discipline,the expansion of the pharmaceutical industry,or the enhancement of pharmacy regulations.

关 键 词：医药分业 医药关系 药界 药学社会史 

分 类 号：R943[医药卫生—药剂学]