应对气候变化的安全挑战:欧盟的议程演进与政策运作  

The Evolution and Directions of the EU Climate Security Agenda in the Context of Climate Geopolitical Competition and Cooperation

作　　者：周逸江 Zhou Yijiang

机构地区：[1]同济大学政治与国际关系学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》2024年第3期139-161,165,166,共25页Russian，East European & Central Asian Studies

基　　金：2021年教育部人文社科规划基金项目“中国在全球气候治理中的角色成长及其逻辑研究”(21YJAGJW001);2021年国家社会科学基金重点项目“碳中和视域下中国参与全球气候治理的制度性挑战及对策研究”(21AZD123)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当前,气候变化议题的地缘政治属性愈发凸显,对国际格局变迁的影响不断增强。主要国家与地区制定了应对气候风险挑战的战略和政策,以在气候地缘竞合背景下确保自身的安全与竞争力。数十年来,欧盟积极致力于将气候安全纳入相关政策领域之中,其气候安全理念和行动在国际层面积累了一定影响力。近年来,欧盟在日益复杂的局势下加速了该议程,尤其体现在防务领域的气候安全行动。鉴于气候安全本身的跨议题特征,欧盟机构广泛参与了相关的决策与政策运作过程,成员国之间关于该议题的合作与分歧也塑造了欧盟气候安全的相关决策。在具体行动层面,欧盟积极调动外交、发展与防务领域的相关政策工具应对气候安全挑战,并持续致力于探索政策和实践创新。尽管短期内欧盟气候安全议程在俄乌冲突的背景下面临资源受限和议程优先性下降的风险,但长期来看,欧盟将继续推动气候安全议程的制度化,致力于其气候目标和领导地位的实现。面对气候地缘竞合背景下的潜在挑战,中国可以在统筹发展和安全的基础上对气候安全的内涵做出有力阐释,加强与其他国家的安全对话和合作,积极参与气候变化相关的国际谈判,以掌握议程设置和规则制定的主动权。At present,the geographical nature of the climate change issue is becoming more and more prominent,and its impact on international order is constantly increasing.Major countries and regions have formulated strategies and policies to deal with climate-related challenges in order to ensure their own security and competitiveness in the context of climate geopolitical competition and cooperation.For decades,the EU has laid weigh upon the link between climate change and security,and has been actively commited to integrating climate security into relevant policy areas.EU's climate security concepts and policies have accumulated considerable influence at the international level.Analyzing and interpreting the EU's climate security policy is of great practical significance for the construction of China's climate security govermance system and influence in global security governance norm.Based on the relevant policy documents issued by the EU over the past two decades,this article summarizes the development of its agenda in different stages,and finds that in recent years,the EU has accelerated the agenda in an increasingly complex situation,especially reflected in climate security actions in the defense field.In view of the cross-issue characteristics of climate security itself,the EU has carried out actions in the three policy areas of foreign affairs,development and defense,using relevant policy tools to deal with the security challenges posed by risks related to climate change,and has made certain progress at the level of EU institutions and member states.In the future,the EU will continue to promote the climate security agenda at the bilateral and multilateral levels,committed to the realization of its climate goals and leadership.In the face of this trend,China can establish a climate security strategy that is in line with my country's development and climate governance goals,and actively carry out relevant dialogues under the Global Security Initiative and the Global Development Initiative to explore cooperation to a

关 键 词：气候安全 欧盟 气候政治 全球气候安全治理 全球安全倡议 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F151.2[经济管理—世界经济]