广州松丁山遗址大植物遗存的发现和研究  

The Discovery and Study of the Plant Macroremains at the Songdingshan Site in Guangzhou

作　　者：王洁[1] 葛威 曹耀文 Wang Jie;Ge Wei;Cao Yaowen

机构地区：[1]厦门大学科技考古实验室、厦门大学历史与文化遗产学院,福建厦门361005 [2]广州市文物考古研究院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《文博学刊》2024年第2期5-12,21,共9页Journal of Archaeology and Museology

摘　　要：松丁山遗址是位于广州市增城区的一处先秦时期遗址。通过对15份来自松丁山遗址第一期灰坑的土样进行浮选,共获得可鉴定炭化植物种子289粒和炭屑13.1克。其中,植物种子有水稻和粟等谷物类,牛筋草、苋属等杂草类,葡萄属等水果类,以及盐麸木、灯台树、对叶榕等树木类。此外,还发现少量块根块茎类植物遗存。除对浮选结果进行分析外,还对发现的2粒炭化稻种子进行了碳十四测年。经校正,炭化稻的年代上限为距今约4300年,下限应不晚于距今4100年,相当于石峡文化晚期。结合浮选结果和有关考古资料综合分析,松丁山遗址先民在新石器时代晚期已经开始发展稻作农业,但狩猎采集仍是其生业经济形态中的重要组成部分。这些植物遗存的发现为学界研究松丁山遗址先民的经济生活以及稻作农业在华南地区的传播提供了新资料。The Songdingshan site is a pre-Qin site located in Zengcheng District,Guangzhou.By conducting flotation on 15 soil samples from the first phase of the ash pits in this site,289 identifiable charred plant seeds and 13.1 grams of charcoal fragments were obtained.Among them,there are grains such as rice and millet,weeds such as Indian goose grass and amaranth,fruits such as grapes,and trees such as Chinese sumac,giant dogwood,and opposite leaf fig.In addition,small amount of stem and root tuber,small nuts,and other plant remains were also found.Apart from the analysis of flotation results,carbon-14 dating was also conducted on the two charred rice seeds discovered.After correction,the upper limit of age of the charred rice is approximately 4300 years ago,and the lower limit should not be later than 4100 years ago,which corresponds to the late stage of the Shixia culture.Based on comprehensive analysis of the flotation results and relevant archaeological data,it is concluded that the inhabitants at the Songdingshan site had already begun to develop rice agriculture in the late Neolithic period,while hunting and gathering remained an important part of their subsistence economy.The discovery of these plant remains provides new evidence for the study of the economic life of the inhabitants at the Songdingshan site and the spread of rice agriculture in the southern China region.

关 键 词：松丁山 植物考古 稻作农业 

分 类 号：K871.13[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]