贵州地区汉晋南朝墓葬出土玻璃饰品探究  

Exploration of Glass Ornaments Excavated from the Tombs of Han,Jin and Southern Dynasties in Guizhou Region

作　　者：汤红豆 Tang Hongdou

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学民族学与历史学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《文博学刊》2024年第2期114-125,共12页Journal of Archaeology and Museology

基　　金：贵州省哲学社会科学规划重点课题“战国秦汉时期云贵高原的聚落、人口与文明进程研究”(项目批准号:21GZZD35)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：贵州地区出土的汉晋南朝时期玻璃饰品分布于黔西北、黔中、黔西南的墓葬中,最早出现于西汉早中期赫章可乐墓地土著墓葬,魏晋南朝时期在黔中地区牂柯大姓墓葬中大量出土。玻璃饰品依类型学可分为珠饰、坠饰和耳珰三类。玻璃饰品在贵州的流行趋势与汉晋南朝时期的夷汉文化消长有密切关系。讨论汉晋南朝时期玻璃饰品的来源,需考虑其技术渊源与传入方式。技术方面,这些玻璃饰品按玻璃成分可追溯至楚文化铅钡玻璃制作传统和南亚、东南亚地区钾玻璃制作传统。传播路线方面,玻璃饰品通过巴蜀商人传入,传入途径是西南陆上丝绸之路与海上丝绸之路,是黔地与外界交往交流交融的重要物证。The glass ornaments that unearthed from the tombs of northwest,central,and southwest Guizhou date back to the Han,Jin,and Southern dynasties.They first appeared in the indigenous tombs of early to mid-Western Han dynasty in the burial site in Kele,Hezhang,and were unearthed in large quantities in the prominent families’ tombs of the Wei,Jin and Southern dynasties in Zangke of the central Guizhou.Based on typological analysis and research,the glass ornaments can be classified into three categories:bead ornaments,pendants,and ear ornaments.Their popularity trend in Guizhou was closely related to the cultural changes between the Yi (夷) and Han ethnic groups during the Han,Jin,and Southern dynasties.With regard to the origins of glass ornaments during these dynasties,we need to consider both the technical origins and the methods of introduction.Their technical origins can be traced back respectively to the traditions of lead-barium glass making in Chu culture and potassium glass making in South and Southeast Asia,according to the glass composition system.Glass ornaments were introduced to this area mainly by the merchants from the Bashu region through the Southwest Silk Road and the Maritime Silk Road.The glass ornaments of this period are important physical evidence witnessed the interaction,communication,and integration between Guizhou region and the outside world.

关 键 词：玻璃饰品 贵州地区 汉文化 汉晋南朝 交往交流交融 

分 类 号：K876.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]