薄壁结构加工误差预测与控制研究进展  

Research Progress on Prediction and Control of Machining Errors in Thin-Walled Structures

作　　者：张瑞[1] 任军学[1] 张淑宁 周金华[1] ZHANG Rui;REN Junxue;ZHANG Shuning;ZHOU Jinhua(Key Laboratory of High Performance Manufacturing for Aero Engine,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航空发动机高性能制造工业和信息化部重点实验室,西安710072

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2024年第7期77-95,共19页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(J2019-Ⅶ-0001-0141);国家自然科学基金(52075451);航空发动机及燃气轮机基础科学中心项目(P2022-B-Ⅳ-012-001);航空科学基金(2019ZE053008);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2020M683551)。

摘　　要：薄壁结构因质量轻、比强度高被广泛应用于航空航天领域,但因其结构复杂、刚性弱、材料去除率高等特点,铣削加工的零件成品容易出现形位误差,严重影响其使用性能,因此对薄壁结构加工误差的控制具有重要现实意义。通过对薄壁结构加工特点进行分析,总结薄壁结构加工误差来源;根据加工误差来源介绍了薄壁结构不同类型的加工误差,即装夹定位、切削负载、切削振动、机床误差、残余应力以及多工序加工引起的加工误差;然后从这6个方面总结归纳薄壁结构加工误差的预测模型和控制方法;最后阐述了薄壁结构铣削加工误差控制方法的当前挑战和未来发展趋势。Thin-walled structures are widely used in the aerospace field because of their light weight and high specific strength.However,due to its complex structure,weak rigidity and high material removal rate,the finished parts processed by milling are prone to machining errors,which seriously affects their performance.Therefore,controlling the machining error of thin-walled structures has important practical significance.By analyzing the machining characteristics of thin-walled structure,the source of machining error of thin-walled structure is summarized.According to the sources of machining errors,different types of machining errors of thin-walled structures are introduced,including clamping positioning,cutting load,cutting vibration,machine tool errors,residual stresses,and multi-process machining.Then the prediction and control methods of machining errors of thin-walled structures are summarized from these six aspects.Finally,the current challenges and future development of control methods for milling errors in thin-walled structures are expounded.

关 键 词：薄壁结构 加工误差 多轴铣削 变形预测与控制 智能加工 

分 类 号：TG54[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]